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作 者 ：李伟 李絮花 董静 林治安

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2014年 20卷 3期 页码：629-635

关键词：冬小麦；控释氮肥比例；产量；氮肥利用率；经济效益；

Keywords:winter wheat, ratio of control released urea and , common urea, yield, nitrogen use efficiency, economic profit,

摘 要 ：为明确控释尿素与普通尿素配合施用在作物上的应用效果，以冬小麦为研究材料，在田间试验条件下研究了不同比例（0、 10%、 30%、 50%、 100%）的控释尿素（CRU，释放期60 d）与普通尿素配合追施（基追比为3∶7）对冬小麦旗叶叶绿素a含量和净光合速率、 产量、 氮肥利用率、 分蘖情况以及经济效益的影响。结果表明, 控释尿素比例为50% 和100% 处理的冬小麦叶绿素a 和净光合速率在各生育期都保持了较高水平; 与仅施用普通尿素相比，控释尿素为50%的处理的各项指标都明显提高，分蘖数自返青期起保持了较高水平，小麦产量增加了17.0%，氮肥利用率提高了16.73%，增收2587.23 yuan/hm²。综合分析，50%控释尿素的施肥处理在小麦上应用效果最好。

Abstract:The mixing use of control-released urea (CRU) and the common urea is an effective way in meeting the requirement of N nutrition and decreasing the N loss in agricultural practices. A field experiment was conducted to study effects of topdressing different ratios of controlled release urea (CRU,  release period 60 d)  (0, 10%, 30%, 50%, 100%) with common urea on winter wheat.  The ratio of basal and topdressing N use proportion was set as 3∶7,  and five  mixing ratios were designed. The number of tillering,  photosynthesis indices and grain yield were investigated,  the nitrogen use efficiency and the economic benefit were calculated in the study. The results show that the net photosynthetic rates and the contents of chlorophyll with 50% and 100%  of CRU are all significantly higher than those  applying common urea alone,  the  yield is increased by 17%,  the nitrogen use efficiency increased by 16.% and the economic profit increased by 2587.23 yuan/ha in 50% CRU treatment. There are more tillers in wheat treated with 50% of CRU from the reviving stage of seedlings to the harvest stage. In conclusion,  mixing ratio of 50% of CRU and 50% of common urea is recommended for higher yield and profit in winter wheat production.

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