---

作 者 ：杨阳, 郑秋玲, 裴成国, 翟衡

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 2期 页码：370-375

关键词：霞多丽葡萄；硝铵比；生长；氮素营养；

Keywords:Chardonnay grape, NO-3-N/NH+4-N ratios, growth, nitrogen nutrition,

摘 要 ：采用沙培试验，设置了等氮条件下5种不同硝铵比营养液处理，探讨了氮形态对霞多丽葡萄幼苗生长和氮素营养的影响。结果表明，霞多丽幼苗的生长量以硝铵比70/30时最大，全铵营养时最低；植株根系氮的平均吸收量在硝铵比为70/30时为最大值，达到70.89%，全铵营养时为最低值；叶片中的氮浓度和总氮量以全硝营养最大，全铵营养最低，后者仅是全硝营养的61.8%和19.46%。霞多丽幼苗根系内NH⁺₄-N浓度与营养液中NH⁺₄-N的浓度成极显著正相关（r=0.9805），且当铵态氮比例超过30 %时根系中NH⁺₄浓度显著增加。叶片中硝酸还原酶的活性以硝铵比70/30最高，当铵态氮比例大于30%, 再继续增加铵态氮的比例时，显著抑制了叶片中硝酸还原酶的活性； 而对根的硝酸还原酶活性无明显影响。试验证明，硝铵比70/30是霞多丽较适宜的氮素形态配比，较高比例的铵态氮增加了植株器官中NH⁺₄的浓度，抑制了霞多丽幼苗的生长及对氮素的吸收积累。

Abstract:A sand culture experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different nitrogen supply forms on growth and nitrogen nutrition of Chardonnay grape seedling. Five NO^-₃-N/NH⁺₄-N ratios were set up as 100/0, 70/30, 50/50, 30/70, and 0/100 with total nitrogen being equal amount. The results indicated that Chardonnay grape seedling fertilized with NO^-₃-N/NH⁺₄-N ratios for 70/30 had the highest biomass and root nitrogen absorption (70.89%); While Chardonnay grape seedling had the lowest biomass when fertilized with ammonium as the sole nitrogen source. The Chardonnay grape seedling fertilized with NO^-₃-N/NH⁺₄-N ratios for 100/0 had the highest amount of nitrogen concentration and total N in leaf, while Chardonnay grape seedling fertilized with NO^-₃-N/NH⁺₄-N ratios for 0/100 had the lowest, which were 61.8% and 19.46% of fertilized with NO^-₃-N/NH⁺₄-N ratios for 100/0, respectively. The concentration of NH⁺₄-N in root significantly correlated to the nutrient solution (r=0.9805), and the concentration of NH⁺₄-N in root increased significantly when the proportion of ammonium nitrogen was higher than 30%. Leaf nitrate reductase activity was the highest when fertilized with NO^-₃-N/NH⁺₄-N ratios for 70/30. The leaf nitrate reductase activity was impaired significantly when the proportion of ammonium nitrogen was higher than 30%, but the root nitrate reductase activity was not influenced. The experiment proved that NO^-₃-N/NH⁺₄-N ratios for 70/30 was appropriate for the Chardonnay grape seedling, and a lower proportion of the NO^-₃-N/NH⁺₄-N ratios increased the concentration of NH⁺₄ in Chardonnay grape seedling organs, consequently inhibited nitrogen absorption and the biomass accumulation.

---