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作 者 ：吴克宁;赵彦锋;吕巧灵;李玲

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2002年 8卷 4期 页码：428-434

关键词：潮土；灌浆水；施磷水平；光合效率；

Keywords:fluvo-aquic soil, irrigation during grain filling stage, phosphorus level, photosynthetic efficiency,

摘 要 ：利用防雨微区试验,研究了灌浆水和施磷对缺磷潮土区冬小麦灌浆期光合速率、荧光动力学参数、灌浆过程和产量等的影响。结果表明,全生育期不灌水,灌浆期冬小麦光合作用将受到气孔胁迫,光合速率下降,但水分利用效率提高;灌浆水提高小麦的光合速率和表观量子效率,在同样土壤水分条件下,小麦的光合速率和表观量子效率随施磷量的增加而提高。灌水处理小麦的ΦPSⅡ、Fv/Fm较大,NPQ较小。水、磷都能促进小麦灌浆,提高小麦千粒重,其中磷的作用尤其重要。施磷水平越高,灌浆强度越大,灌浆水对子粒灌浆促进作用也越大。施磷处理的株高、穗长、穗粒数较大,成穗数提高,最终产量受施磷水平影响更为明显。经济系数有随供水和施磷水平提高而降低的趋势。从节水角度,在潮土区,施足磷肥有重要意义。

Abstract:Using waterproof installation, a study was carried out to test the effects of P and irrigation during grainfilling stage on the photosynthetic rate, the parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics,the grain filling process and the yield of winter wheat in the fluvoaquic soil area where available P is deficient The results showed that under the condition of no irrigation during the whole life of winter wheat, the opening and closing of stoma were stressed because of waterdeficiency during the grainfilling stage,the photosynthetic rate of winter wheat declined, while water use efficiency rose. Irrigation improved the photosynthetic rate and the apparent photosynthesis quantum efficiency Under the same watersupply level, light response of photosynthesis and the apparent photosynthesis quantum efficiency grew with P increase Winter wheat being irrigated possessed higher values of ΦPSII and Fv/Fm,and lower value of NPQ The rate of grain filling has a positive correlation with P and water The effect of irrigation on accelerating the grain filling increased with fertilizer P supply rising P also increased plant height, spikes number, spikes length and panicle number The effect of P on the yield of winter wheat is more remarkable than that of irrigation in this experiment Economic coefficient declined with the improvement of watersupply level and P rate This study suggests that to save water it is necessary to apply plenty of fertilizer P for winter wheat in fluvoaquic soil area 

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