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作 者 ：张 浩1,3,高友丽2,陈 勇1,4,汤健良3,金晨钟1,4,胡一鸿1,4*

期 刊 ：西北植物学报 2015年 2期 页码：315~321

关键词：种衣剂；水稻幼苗；抗氧化酶；GSH；叶绿素含量；叶绿素荧光参数；

Keywords:seed-coating agents, rice seedlings, antioxidant enzyme, reduced glutathione, chlorophyll contents, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,

摘 要 ：以‘深两优5814’水稻种子为试验材料,用2.5%吡·咪、3%恶·咪、锐胜和适乐时分别包衣种子,测定水稻幼苗抗氧化酶活性、MDA含量、GSH含量、叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数,探讨种衣剂对幼苗的胁迫机理,为种衣剂的安全高效应用提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)种衣剂能提高水稻幼苗的抗氧化酶活性,播种后14 d,2.5%吡·咪和锐胜处理组叶片的SOD活性上升,3%恶·咪处理组叶片的POD活性上升;播种后22 d,2.5%吡·咪和3%恶·咪处理组叶片的CAT活性上升;播种后26 d,锐胜和适乐时处理组叶片的CAT活性上升;2.5%吡·咪和3%恶·咪显著提高了播种后22 d叶片的MDA含量。4种种衣剂均能提升幼苗叶片GSH含量,并以3%恶·咪的提升效果最为明显。(2)4种种衣剂均能降低叶绿素含量,但随培养时间的延长叶片内叶绿素含量逐渐恢复到正常水平。(3)4种种衣剂对水稻叶片最大光化学效率φP_o无显著影响,吸光性能指数PI_ABS值也未呈下降趋势,比活性参数ABS/CS_M值随培养时间的延长出现下降趋势,其中以3%恶·咪处理组下降最为明显;同时,3%恶·咪处理组叶片的热耗散DIo/CS_M值也显著高于对照。研究认为,各种衣剂对水稻幼苗生长造成了一定的胁迫,但水稻自身防御体系能有效缓解农药胁迫作用,种衣剂的使用处于安全水平,但3%恶·咪的胁迫较严重,使用效果较差。

Abstract:Hybrid rice seeds of ‘Shenliangyou 5814’,coated with 2.5% imidacloprid-prochloraz,3% hymexazole-prochloraz,Cruiser or Celest were cultivated with pots,and the antioxidant enzymes activities,malonaldehyde(MDA) content,reduced glutathione(GSH) content,chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in seedlings were determined.The results showed that:(1)The seed-coating agents could promote the activities of the antioxidant enzymes of rice seedlings.On the 14th day after sowing,SOD activities of seedling leaves treated with 2.5% imidacloprid-prochloraz and Cruiser were increased,and POD activities of seedling leaves treated with 3% hymexazole-prochloraz were also increased.On the 22nd day after sowing,CAT activities of seedling leaves treated with 2.5% imidacloprid-prochloraz and 3% hymexazole-prochloraz were increased.On the 26th day after sowing,CAT activities of seedling leaves treated with Cruiser and Celest were increased.2.5% imidacloprid-prochloraz and 3% hymexazole-prochloraz significantly promoted MDA contents of seedling leaves on the 22nd day after sowing.All the four seed-coating agents promoted GSH contents of seedling leaves.Among them,the promotion effect of 3% hymexazole-prochloraz was most obvious.(2)The four seed-coating agents reduced chlorophyll contents of seedling leaves,but chlorophyll contents returned to normal level with time.(3)The four seed-coating agents showed no significant influences on φP_o values of seedling leaves,while the performance index PI_ABS values did not decline.The phenomenological energy flux ABS/CS_M values declined with time.Among them,ABS/CS_M values of seedling leaves treated with 3% hymexazole-prochloraz declined most obviously.Meanwhile,the dissipated energy DIo/CS_M values of seedling leaves treated with 3% hymexazole-prochloraz were significantly higher than that of control.The study indicated that the seed-coating agents caused stress to rice seedlings,and the defense system of plant reduced the damage to keep the seed-coating agents in safe level,but 3% hymexazole-prochloraz showed a relatively poor effect.

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