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作 者 ：万晓, 刘秀梅, 王华田, 王渌, 王迎, 仲凤维

期 刊 ：林业科学 2016年 52卷 2期 页码：120-126

关键词：盐渍化；磁化处理；绒毛白蜡；光合；叶绿素荧光；

Keywords:soil salinization, magnetization treatment, Fraxinus velutina, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence.,

摘 要 ：[目的] 研究磁化处理高矿化度灌溉水对耐盐植物绒毛白蜡光合生理特性的影响作用,进一步揭示磁化技术对促进植物生长;提高产量的生理机制,为农林生产中磁化技术应用、土壤盐渍代地区土壤改良和植被修复提供参考和依据[方法] 模拟海水组分和比例配置梯度浓度灌溉用水(0,6,10 mg·L^-1),经过磁化处理后对1年生盆栽绒毛白蜡实生苗进行连续灌溉处理,研究灌溉水磁化处理对绒毛白蜡光合作用、叶绿素荧光动力学特征及生长和生物量积累的影响。利用叶绿素荧光分析仪和光合作用测定系统对处理植株在不同时期的荧光及光合参数进行测定分析,试验结束后测定树高和生物量,采用根系分析系统分析根系特征。[结果] 1)两处理光合参数和叶绿素参数差异显著,非磁化处理光合活性中心较磁化处理受到更大的伤害,磁化水处理后植株净光合速率、实际光化学效率、最高光化学效率均显著高于对照; 2)随着盐分浓度升高,植株生长量逐渐减少,根系生长势降低,磁化处理对植株生物量、树高与根系各形态特征指标均有一定的促进作用; 3)基于本研究结果和磁化处理对水分子的影响,磁化水对绒毛白蜡的作用机理可能为液态水经磁化处理后,自由水分子增多,水分子进入植物体细胞后与叶绿素a形成更多氢键,从而使得植物叶绿素a内转化速率提高,光合能力进而得到提高,植株抗逆能力增强,最终促进植株生长。[结论] 高度矿化灌溉水通过磁化处理后可以有效提高绒毛白蜡光合作用,促进其生长,从而减轻盐分对植株的伤害程度。

Abstract:[Objective] High groundwater salinity magnetization treatment measures are advanced international alkali-saline land treatment technology. The investigation on the magnetic treatment influence of photosynthesis and physiological characteristics of Fraxinus velutina further showed the mechanism of how to promote F. velutina‘s growth under magnetic treatment. The study also provides reference and a basis in agricultural for the application of magnetic technology, forestry production, soil improvement and vegetation repair.[Method] In this study, we imitated the seawater composition and proportional allocation series of concentration gradients used as the irrigation water (0, 6, 10 mg·L^-1). After magnetic treatment the water was used to continuously irrigate the potting one-year-old Fraxinus velutina. seedlings. Photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and the seedling growth were used as the parameters to test effects of the magnetic water on the seedlings. The height increment and biomass were measured at the end of the experiment. Root system characteristic was analyzed by a root analysis system.[Result] 1) There were significant differences in photosynthetic parameters (P_n, Tr, G_s, C_i, P_n/Tr, F_v/F_m, ΦPSⅡ) between magnetic and non-magnetic water irrigation. The magnetic water irrigated seedlings had stronger photosynthetic capacity. The non-magnetic water irrigated seedlings suffered greater harm. 2) The higher salt concentration, the lower biomass F. velutina obtained. The magnetic water irrigation promoted the biomass‘s accumulation to a certain degree. 3) Based on the results, the possible mechanism of the improvement of photosynthetic capacity is proposed. That is, more free water molecules would be produced after the magnetic treatment. The water molecules enter the plant cells, forming more hydrogen bonds with chlorophyll a, which would increase conversion rate of plant chlorophyll a. Thus, the photosynthesis would be increased, the resistance be enhanced and the growth be promoted.[Conclusion] The magnetic treatment improved the photosynthetic capacity and biomass of F. velutina, therefore reduced the level of salt damage to plants.

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