确定聚异氰酸酯(PMDI)与脲醛胶(UF)混合胶黏剂胶接木材与废旧轮胎橡胶制备功能性复合材料工艺的可行性; 研究木材-橡胶功能性复合材料制备工艺的主要影响因素(密度、热压时间和温度)对复合材料力学性能: 内结合强度(IB)、静曲强度(MOR)、弹性模量(MOE)作用的相关性。采用Design-Expert的响应曲面法分析各主要因子密度、温度、时间对力学性能影响的变化规律,优化各因子,并揭示相互影响和作用机制。结果表明: 密度对材料的力学强度有显著性的影响,热压温度与时间的交互作用同样对材料的力学性能影响显著; 采用低成本的PMDI/UF混合胶黏剂能够很好地胶结木材和橡胶制备功能性复合材料; 获得木材-橡胶复合材料最佳优化工艺:密度1 000 kg ·m-3 、 热压时间 300 s、 热压温度170 ℃ 。利用电子扫描电镜(SEM)揭示了木材-橡胶功能性复合材料的微观结构,并进行界面结构分析。对PMDI/UF胶黏剂胶接橡胶和木材的物理化学胶合机制进行全面系统的分析。
Feasibility of manufacturing wood-waste tire rubber composite(WRC) panels with polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate adhesives(PMDI) and urea-formaldehyde(UF) combination binder system was investigated. The study on correlation of independent variables(board density, hot press time and temperature)could indicate mechanical properties through dependent variables in board manufacturing. And interactive mechanism for independent variables was developed. As test results of dependent variables were statistically analyzed by using response surface method(RSM) on the Design-Expert software to determine the significant variables that influenced board properties. A mathematical simulation or response surface models were developed to predict the board properties(MOR, MOE and IB). The optimal manufacturing conditions for making high quality panels were determined from numerical optimization of Design-Expert software. The results showed that board density, some interactions of independent variables were significant factors that influenced board mechanical properties. Low cost PMDI and UF combination binder system was adopt for manufacturing high quality wood-rubber composites. The optimal board manufacturing conditions were about 170 ℃, 300 s, and 1 000 kg ·m-3 for hot press temperature, hot press time and board density, respectively. In addition, the microstructure of WRC was deep examined using a scanning electron microscope(SEM), there are strong and smooth interface zone of wood-rubber were also displayed. And the physical and chemical mechanism effects of WRC were developed.
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