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作 者 ：官玲亮;吴卫;郑有良;王涛

期 刊 ：作物学报 2007年 33卷 08期 页码：1352-1359

关键词：红花；光合作用；产量；

Keywords:Safflower, Photosynthesis, Yield,

摘 要 ：

测定了3个红花品种（系）不同叶位叶在蕾期的光合作用特性，并对来自7个国家的16个红花品种（系）在该时期上位叶的光合速率与产量及农艺性状间相关性进行了分析。结果表明, 各叶位间最大光合速率(P_nmax)、光饱和点（LSP）、光补偿点（LCP）、暗呼吸速率(Rd)以及表观量子效率(AQY)均为上位叶>中位叶>下位叶。光响应曲线显示，除PI 401470和川红1号的上位叶外，其余叶片在高光强下光合速率明显下降，并且在低光强下，各叶位叶片的光合速率差异较小，当光量子通量密度(PFD )超过400 µmol m^-2s^-1时，上位叶的光合速率明显高于中、下位叶。光合作用日进程中，不同品种（系）及叶位间表现出不同的峰型，且到达峰值和低谷的时间和大小也不相同。蕾期上位叶光合速率与红花单株花产量、百粒重和顶果球直径呈显著或极显著相关，高光效育种是红花增产的一个有效途径。

Abstract:

On fine days，photosynthetic characteristics of the leaves at different positions in three safflower varieties were monitored using portable LI-6400 photosynthesis system, and correlations between the net photosynthesis rate and the yield, agronomical characters were analyzed within 16 safflower varieties from 7 different countries. The results showed that maximum photosynthesis rate (P_nmax), light compensation point (LCP), light saturation point (LSP), dark respiration rate (Rd), apparent quantum yield (AQY) were in upper leaves > in middle leaves > in lower leaves. Light- photosynthesis curves indicated that the photosynthetic rate of all the leaves decreased significantly under the high light intensity except the upper leaves of PI 401470 and Chuanhong 1. And under the low light intensity, there was no marked difference between the photosynthetic rates of the leaves at the different positions. when the PFD exceed 400µmolm^-2 s^-1, the photosynthetic rate of the upper leaves was significantly higher than that of the lower ones. The diurnal variation pattern of photosynthesis was different in the leaves at the different positions and in different varieties , the time to the peaks and the value of the peaks were also different. The upper leaves of PI 401470 and Chuanhong 1 showed a single-peak curve, and the others showed a double-peak curve. Diurnal changes of the photosynthetically available radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, vapor pressure deficit and CO₂ concentration in the air all showed a one-peak curve. The analysis of the upper leaves at flower bud stage showed that P_n had significant or highly significant positive correlations with flower yield per plant, 100-seed weight and the diameter of top fruitball. Safflower breeding for high photosynthetic efficiency would be an effective way for improving the yield.

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