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Development and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci for Heavenly Bamboo (Nandina domestica)

南天竹微卫星标记开发及特性分析



全 文 :南天竹微卫星标记开发及特性分析∗
呼慧丽ꎬ 李  波ꎬ 胡  菀ꎬ 孙志霞ꎬ 张志勇ꎬ 范邓妹∗∗
(江西农业大学亚热带生物多样性实验室ꎬ 南昌  330045)
摘要: 南天竹 (Nandina domestica) 是一种具有较高观赏价值的常绿灌木ꎮ 本研究从南天竹基因组中开发
和筛选出 10个微卫星位点ꎬ 能在该物种中进行稳定 PCR扩增且具一定的多态性ꎮ 采用 4个南天竹群体 24
个个体进行检测发现ꎬ 每个位点的等位基因数为 2~ 6ꎬ 期望杂合度和表观杂合度分别为 0􀆰 153~ 0􀆰 778 和
0~1ꎮ 本研究结果为后续对南天竹遗传多样性的研究打下了基础ꎮ 另外ꎬ 这 10 个位点在小檗科 4 个其他
物种中也有一定的通用性ꎮ
关键词: 南天竹ꎻ 微卫星ꎻ 遗传多样性
中图分类号: Q 785ꎬ Q 16          文献标志码: A            文章编号: 2095-0845(2015)02-141-04
Development and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci
for Heavenly Bamboo (Nandina domestica)∗
HU Hui ̄liꎬ LI Boꎬ HU Wanꎬ SUN Zhi ̄xiaꎬ ZHANG Zhi ̄yongꎬ FAN Deng ̄mei∗∗
(Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversityꎬ Jiangxi Agricultural Universityꎬ Nanchang 330045ꎬ China)
Abstract: We developed and characterized a total of 10 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci from the genome of an
ornamental shrubꎬ Nandina domestica. The number of alleles per locus in 24 individuals from four populations varied
from 2 to 6. The expected and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0􀆰 153 to 0􀆰 778 and from 0 to 1ꎬ respectively.
These markers will provide tools for future studies on population genetic diversity of N􀆰 domestica. Additionallyꎬ most
of our new markers could yield the amplification products in four other Berberidaceae species.
Key words: Nandina domesticaꎻ Microsatellite markerꎻ Genetic diversity
  Nandina is a monotypic genus in the Barberry
familyꎬ Berberidaceae. The only species Nandina
domestica Thunb. (Heavenly bamboo) is a sucke ̄
ring shrub occurring in forest understories of eastern
Asia and India (Knox and Wilsonꎬ 2006ꎻ Ying et
al.ꎬ 2011). It is widely grown in gardens as a beau ̄
tiful ornamental plant because its young leaves in
spring are brightly colored pink to red before turning
greenꎬ and old leaves turn red or purple before fall ̄
ing. Howeverꎬ in the southeastern U􀆰 S􀆰 A.ꎬ this spe ̄
cies is considered as a potentially invasive species
since it has escaped cultivation in nine states (Knox
and Wilsonꎬ 2006). Historical and observational da ̄
ta for invasive species are often sparse and incom ̄
pleteꎬ so molecular genetic markers are increasingly
used and have proved to be efficient tools for the in ̄
ference of invasion origins and routes ( Estoup and
Guillemaudꎬ 2010). Here we report 10 novel micro ̄
satellite loci isolated and characterized from N􀆰 dom ̄
estica that can be useful in future studies on the ge ̄
植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报  2015ꎬ 37 (2): 141~144
Plant Diversity and Resources                                    DOI: 10.7677 / ynzwyj201514063

∗∗
Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 31160043 and 31160082) and National Science and Technology Support
Program (2012BAC11B02)
Author for correspondenceꎻ E ̄mail: dmf􀆰625@163􀆰 com
Received date: 2014-04-10ꎬ Accepted date: 2014-07-20
作者简介: 呼慧丽 (1988-) 女ꎬ 在读硕士研究生ꎬ 主要从事保护遗传学研究ꎮ
netic differences between native and invasive popula ̄
tionsꎬ as well as phylogeographic analyses and culti ̄
var identification.
1  Method and result
We sampled 24 N􀆰 domestica trees in four natu ̄
ral populations from Jiangxi Province ( Wuning:
29􀆰 1592° Nꎬ 115􀆰 2608° Eꎻ Xinyu: 27􀆰 5931° Nꎬ
114􀆰 5374° Eꎻ Taihe: 26􀆰 5115° Nꎬ 115􀆰 0012° Eꎻ
Yudu: 25􀆰 6304°Nꎬ 115􀆰 3470°Eꎻ 6 individuals per
population). Voucher specimens for each population
were deposited in the Jiangxi Agricultural University
herbarium ( accession nos. JXAU35229 ̄JXAU35232).
Genomic DNA was extracted using the DNeasy Tis ̄
sue Kit (QIAGEN) and microsatellites were isolated
using the fast isolation by AFLP of sequences contai ̄
ning repeats (FIASCO) protocol (Zane et al.ꎬ 2002).
A single individual of Wuning population was used
to prepare the microsatellite ̄enriched library. Total
genomic DNA ( ca. 250-500 ng) was digested with
2􀆰 5 U of MseI restriction enzyme and then ligated to
an MseI AFLP adaptor (5′-TACTCAGGACTCAT-
3′ / 5′-GACGATGAGTCCTGAG-3′) using T4 DNA
ligase (MBIꎬ Fermentasꎬ Lithuania). After ligation
the products were amplified with adaptor ̄specific
primers ( 5′ - GATGAGTCCTGAGTAAN - 3′ / 5′ -
TTACTCAGGACTCATCN-3′). The digested ̄ligated
fragments were diluted in a ratio of 1 ∶ 10ꎬ and 5 μL
of them were used for amplification reactions with
adaptor ̄specific primers ( 5′ - GATGAGTCCTGAG ̄
TAAN-3′ / 5′-TTACTCAGGACTCATCN-3′). The
amplified DNA fragments (200-800 bp) were en ̄
riched by magnetic bead selection with a 5 ̄biotiny ̄
lated probe [ (AG) 15 or (AC) 15ꎬ respectively].
Enriched DNA fragments were reamplified with
MseI ̄N primers. The PCR products were purified u ̄
sing SanPrep Column DNA Gel Extraction Kit
( Sangon Bio ̄Techꎬ Shanghaiꎬ China ). Purified
DNA fragments were ligated into pGEM ̄T vector
(Promegaꎬ Madisonꎬ WIꎬ USA)ꎬ and then trans ̄
formed into DH5α competent cells ( Tiangen Bio ̄
techꎬ Bejingꎬ China). The positive clones were test ̄
ed by PCR using vector primers 5′ - CGACTCAC ̄
TATAGGGAGAGCGGC-3′ / 5′-AAGAACATCGAT ̄
TTTCCATGGCAG-3′ and primers (AC)10 / (AG)10 .
A total of 244 positive clones with microsatellite re ̄
peats (AG / AC) were identified and sequencedꎬ of
which 128 unique clones with relatively long flanking
regions were chosen to design primers using Oligo
7􀆰 0 software (Rychlikꎬ 2007).
Amplification products and polymorphism of the
128 newly designed primer pairs were assessed with
all 24 individuals sampled. The PCR reaction vol ̄
ume (20 μL) contained 50-100 ng genomic DNAꎬ
0􀆰 5 μmol􀅰L-1 of each primerꎬ and 10 μL 2 × Taq
PCR MasterMix (0􀆰 1 U Taq polymerase / μLꎬ 0􀆰 5
mmol􀅰L-1 dNTP eachꎬ 20 mmol􀅰L-1 Tris ̄HCl [pH
8􀆰 3]ꎬ 100 mmol􀅰L-1 KClꎬ and 3 mmol􀅰L-1 MgCl2ꎻ
Tiangen). PCR amplifications were conducted under
the following conditions: 95 ℃ for 3 min followed by
32- 35 cycles at 94 ℃ for 45 sꎬ at the annealing
temperature (optimized for each locusꎬ Table 1) for
45 sꎬ 72℃ for 45 sꎻ and a final extension step at 72℃
for 5 min. PCR products were separated by 8% non ̄
denaturing PAGE gel and stained with a silver ̄stai ̄
ning method. The experiments were run in duplicate.
Estimates of the number of allelesꎬ expected and ob ̄
served heterozygosity and tests for deviation from both
the Hardy ̄Weinberg equilibrium ( HWE) and the
linkage equilibrium (LE) were performed with Gene ̄
Pop version 4􀆰 0 (Raymond and Roussetꎬ 1995).
Among the 128 primer pairsꎬ 46 were success ̄
fully amplified in all samplesꎬ and 10 primer pairs
displayed polymorphism. Amplified profiles of two
microsatellite loci (NTZ01 and NTZ10) on 8% non ̄
denaturant polyacrylamide gel are shown in Fig􀆰 1.
Based on 10 polymorphic lociꎬ the number of alleles
per locus ranged from 2 to 6. Expected and observed
heterozygosity varied from 0􀆰 153 to 0􀆰 778 and from
0 to 1ꎬ respectively ( Table 2). All loci were in
HWE except NTZ09 and no linkage disequilibrium
was detected.
Finallyꎬ the transferability of 10 primer pairs was
tested in four species from two genera of Berberidaceae.
241                                  植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报                            第 37卷
Table 1  Characteristics of 10 microsatellite primers in Nandina domestica
Locus  Primer sequences (5′-3′)
Repeat
Motif
Tm
/ ℃
Allele Size
/ bp
Transferabilitya
GenBank
accession no.
NTZ01 
F: GGTGTAATAATGGAGAAGG
R: ACCCTAAAGTGCCAATGA
(AG) 8 57 133 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1 KF785778
NTZ02 
F: TATACGTGCTTGAGCAATGA
R: CAGGCGACAGAAACAGATAA
(CT) 12 54􀆰 5 202 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1 KF785779
NTZ03 
F: ATGATGATGATGACAGGGA
R: TACCACCACCTTCCACAG
(GA) 15 58􀆰 5 267 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1 KF785780
NTZ04 
F: AAGTGGAGTGAGGCATCTAA
R: CTGACAGATGAAGATTACG
(CA) 7 51 131 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1 KF785781
NTZ05 
F: CACTGGATTAGGGCGAGA
R: CACCTCCCAGAACTGAAA
(TA) 12(AG) 7 52􀆰 5 121 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1 KF785782
NTZ06 
F: CTCTTGCCTATTCCCTTC
R: GTATGCTATAAGTCGTC
(CT) 10 45 186 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 0ꎬ 1 KF785783
NTZ07 
F: ACAAATAACGAGACTAATCA
R: ACCTCGTAAATCTTGTCTTC
(AG) 7 48 133 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 0 KF785784
NTZ08 
F: ACCCACAGCCAAACTCCA
R: GGTTATCTTATCCCTCTGA
(AC) 8 56 168 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 0ꎬ 1 KF785785
NTZ09 
F: CTTAGGTTGATTATCTCGG
R: GTCAGGCAAGGTTCATGT
(CA) 7 55 131 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1ꎬ 1 KF785786
NTZ10 
F: GGCAGTTCGTATAAAGTGG
R: GTCATGCAAATCCGTTAG
(TC) 9 57 171 0ꎬ 1ꎬ 0ꎬ 0 KF785787
Note: Tm = annealing temperature when run individually. a The number 0 or 1 shows the loci could not be or could be amplified successfully in Ma ̄
honia bealeiꎬ M􀆰 japonicaꎬ Berberis julianaeꎬ and B􀆰 thunbergii
Table 2  Results of initial primer screening in populations of Nandina domestica
Locus
Wuning population (n= 6)
Na Ho He
Xinyu population (n= 6)
Na Ho He
Taihe population (n= 6)
Na Ho He
Yudu population (n= 6)
Na Ho He
NTZ01 2 0􀆰 333 0􀆰 444 2 0􀆰 333 0􀆰 444 2 0􀆰 000 0􀆰 444 2 0􀆰 167 0􀆰 153
NTZ02 2 0􀆰 000 0􀆰 278 2 0􀆰 167 0􀆰 153 2 0􀆰 333 0􀆰 278 3 0􀆰 500 0􀆰 569
NTZ03 2 0􀆰 333 0􀆰 278 2 0􀆰 500 0􀆰 375 2 0􀆰 667 0􀆰 444 3 0􀆰 333 0􀆰 292
NTZ04 3 0􀆰 500 0􀆰 569 3 0􀆰 167 0􀆰 486 2 0􀆰 833 0􀆰 486 3 0􀆰 667 0􀆰 542
NTZ05 4 1􀆰 000 0􀆰 681 5 1􀆰 000 0􀆰 694 3 1􀆰 000 0􀆰 625 4 1􀆰 000 0􀆰 736
NTZ06 4 0􀆰 667 0􀆰 667 4 0􀆰 500 0􀆰 722 3 0􀆰 833 0􀆰 611 3 0􀆰 500 0􀆰 625
NTZ07 2 0􀆰 167 0􀆰 153 2 0􀆰 500 0􀆰 486 2 0􀆰 000 0􀆰 500 2 0􀆰 333 0􀆰 500
NTZ08 2 1􀆰 000 0􀆰 500 2 1􀆰 000 0􀆰 500 3 1􀆰 000 0􀆰 611 3 0􀆰 667 0􀆰 500
NTZ09 6 0􀆰 667 0􀆰 778 6 0􀆰 833 0􀆰 778 4 0􀆰 500 0􀆰 653 5 0􀆰 667 0􀆰 722
NTZ10 3 0􀆰 667 0􀆰 625 4 0􀆰 833 0􀆰 681 3 0􀆰 500 0􀆰 403 3 0􀆰 833 0􀆰 625
Note: Na =number of alleles per locusꎻ Ho =observed heterozygosityꎻ He expected heterozygosityꎻ n=sample size for each population
3412期        HU Hui ̄Li et al.: Development and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci for Heavenly Bamboo 􀆺       
Nineꎬ 10ꎬ 7ꎬ and 8 markers were successfully am ̄
plified in Mahonia bealeiꎬ Mahonia japonicaꎬ Ber ̄
beris julianaeꎬ and Berberis thunbergiiꎬ respectively
(Table 1).
2  Conclusion
The 10 microsatellite markers developed here
will be used in our ongoing research on population
structure and genetic relatedness in native and inva ̄
sive populations of N􀆰 domestica. Such assessment
may help researchers reveal the invasion history of
the species and rapid evolution within the invasive
range. In additionꎬ these markers are also useful for
population genetic studies in other genera of Berberi ̄
daceae.
Acknowledgments: We thank Mr. Wei Zengꎬ Tao Liꎬ Jiap ̄
eng Zheng and Bochao Li for help with the field survey and
leaf collection.
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