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作 者 ：党建友,杨 峰,屈会选,程麦凤,张定一.

期 刊 ：中国生态农业学报 2008年 16卷 6期 页码：1365-1370

关键词：复合包裹控释肥；冬小麦；净光合速率；灌浆参数；植株氮钾含量；土壤速效养分；

Keywords:Coated control-released fertilizer, Winter wheat, Net photosynthetic rate, Filling parameter, N and K content of plant, Soil available nutrient,

摘 要 ：通过田间试验，研究了复合包裹控释肥对小麦产量、光合特性、植株养分及土壤速效养分的影响。结果表明，3种复合包裹控释肥较不施肥（CK）、氮磷钾配施（NPK）、复合肥（CF）及单一控释肥（CCRF）冬小麦中后期叶片净光合速率（Pn）和灌浆速率提高，灌浆持续时间延长，千粒重提高，穗粒数增加，籽粒产量增加，蛋白质含量提高，但成穗数减少；分别较NPK和CF增产8.93%～16.05%和5.34%～12.23%。复合包裹控释肥使土壤速效养分在冬小麦生长发育前中期相对较低后期较高，促进了干物质积累与转移，使植株干重和全氮全钾含量明显提高。复合包裹控释肥中以WCRF效果最佳，其冬小麦籽粒产量、中后期叶片Pn、植株干重及全氮全钾均最高，养分释放更符合冬小麦需肥规律。

Abstract:Control released fertilizer(CRF) improves fertilizer use efficiency, and reduces application time and environmental pollution. The effect of coated control released fertilizer combined with weather coal on wheat yield, leaf net photosynthesis(Pn), plant nutrient and soil available nutrient was investigated. Three control released fertilizers(MCRF, RCRF and WCRF), respectively coated with three release controlling materials(modified starch, resin and water glass) combined with weather coal were established. The treatments are CK(no fertilizer), NPK fertilizers(NPK), CF(NPK combined fertilizer), CCRF(CF is only coated with weathered coal), MCRF, RCRF and WCRF. Results show that combined CRFs application increases leaf Pn during middle and late growth stages, increases filling rate, prolongs filling time, and increases 1000 kernel weight, per spike grain, grain yield and protein content; decreases spike number compared with CK, NPK, CF and CCRF. Yield of combined CRFs increases 8.93%～16.05% and 5.34% ～ 12.23% over NPK and CF treatments respectively. Soil alkalized N, rapidly available P and K contents are low at early and middle growth stages and high at late stage with application of combined CRFs, which promotes accumulation and translocation of dry weight. Also plant dry weight, total N and K contents increase notably. WCRF has the most beneficial effect of increased grain yield, leaf Pn at middle and late growth stages, and plant dry weight, plant total N and K contents. Moreover, fertilizer release rate of combined CRFs is more in line with fertilizer need of winter wheat than that of conventional fertilizer.

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