---

作 者 ：李从锋;刘鹏;王空军;董树亭;张吉旺

期 刊 ：应用生态学报 2008年 19卷 10期 页码：2209-2214

关键词：玉米；

摘 要 ：采用土柱栽培试验，比较了玉米细胞质雄性不育系（CMS）及其同型可育系根系特性的差异.结果表明：CMS的地上部分物质积累能力较强，其籽粒产量显著高于可育系（P<0.05）；其根系干质量相对较高，根冠比变化趋势与根系干质量类似.CMS在0～20 cm和20～40 cm土层平均根量高于其可育系，在40～80 cm土层优势更为明显.CMS在0～20 cm和20～40 cm土层的平均根系活力显著高于其可育系（P<0.05）；0～20 cm和20～40 cm土层根系的SOD活性和可溶性蛋白含量与可育系差异不显著， 40～80 cm土层显著高于其可育系（P<0.05）；在生育后期，CMS的根系活力、SOD活性和可溶性蛋白含量优势更明显.表明玉米不育植株具有深层根量多、生育后期根系活性高的特点，从而使其根系功能期延长，植株衰老进程减缓.这可能是雄性不育玉米增产的重要原因之一.

Abstract:Maize cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and their homotype fertile lines were cultivated on soil column to study the differences of their root traits at different growth stages after anthesis. The results indicated that CMS lines had stronger ability of dry matter accumulation in their aboveground part, their grain yield was significantly higher than that of homotype fertile lines (P<0.05), and their root dry mass was higher. In addition, the ratio of their root to canopy had a similar variation trend as root dry mass. The root mass of CMS lines in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers was higher than that of homotype fertile lines, and the superiority was more obvious in 40-80 cm soil layer. Compared with homotype fertile lines, CMS lines had significantly higher root activity in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers (P<0.05), and significantly higher root SOD activity and soluble protein content (P<0.05) in 40-80 cm soil layer. The root activity and root SOD activity and soluble protein content of CMS lines were significantly higher than those of their homotype fertile lines (P<0.05) at late growth stage. In conclusion, CMS lines had the characteristics of larger root quantity in deeper soil layers and higher root physiological activity at late growth stage, which could prolong the functional period of root and postpone the process of senescence, possibly being one of the important reasons of the high grain yield of CMS lines.

---