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作 者 ：李清芳¹;马成仓^1,2;尚启亮¹

期 刊 ：应用生态学报 2007年 18卷 03期 页码：531-536

关键词：玉米；

摘 要 ：利用盆栽试验研究了施硅（K₂SiO₃）对玉米植株抗旱能力的影响.结果表明：与对照相比，干旱胁迫下施硅提高了玉米植株的生物量积累，轻度和重度水分胁迫处理分别提高了31.1％～33.3％和23.7％～40.5％；施硅提高了玉米植株的净光合速率（10.9%～28.8%）和叶绿素含量（4.0%～11.9%）；施硅使干旱胁迫下玉米植株的POD、SOD和CAT活性分别提高6.4%～26.4%、17.8%～26.8%和3.2%～33.5%，抑制了干旱胁迫下叶片细胞膜透性的增加和丙二醛含量的升高.相关分析表明，干旱胁迫下玉米干生物量积累与日光合积累呈显著相关（r=0.9357,P<0.05），说明光合作用的提高是干旱胁迫下硅对生物量积累影响的主要因素.较高的保护酶活性减轻了自由基的伤害作用，是硅增强植株抗旱性的另一重要因素.

Abstract:With pot experiment, this paper studied the effects of silicon supply on drought-resistance
capability of maize plant. The results showed that under mild and severe drought stress, supplying
silicon could increase the plant biomass by 31.1%—33.3% and 23.7%—40.5%, respectively,
compared with the control. Silicon enhanced the net photosynthetic rate by 10.9%—28.8%,
increased the chlorophyll content and POD, SOD and CAT activities by 4.0%—11.9%,
6.4%—26.4%, 17.8%—26.8% and 3.2%—33.5%, respectively, and restrained the increase of
leaf plasma membrane permeability and MDA content. Correlation analysis indicated that there
was a significant correlation between plant dry matter accumulation and diurnal photosynthetic
cumulates (r=0.9357, P<0.05), demonstrating that the enhancement of photosynthesis under
effect of silicon supply was the main factor inducing the increase of dry matter accumulation under
drought stress. The higher antioxidative enzyme activities with silicon supply lightened the injury
effect of free radicals, being another important factor inducing the increase of plant drought-
resistance capability.

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