全 文 ：第27卷第5期 生态科学 27(5)：389．393
2008年10月 EcologicalScience Oct．2008
PlanktonicRotifersinthetidalGuangzhousegment
ofthePearlRiverEstuary，China
WANGQin91，YANGu-feng卜，CHENJu-fan92
J．InstituteofHydrobiology,JinanUniversity,Guangzhou,510632,China
2．ResearchCenterofHarmfulAlgalB oomsandAquaticEnv ronmentalScience,JinanUniversity,
Guangzhou,510632,China
Keywords：Rotifers；PearlRiver；Guangzhou
珠江广州河段轮虫的时空分布研究
王庆1，杨字峰H，陈菊芳2
1暨南大学水生生物研究所，广州 510632
2暨南大学赤潮与水环境研究中心，广州 510632
【摘要】 2004年-4月．2007年3月，对珠江广州河段轮虫群落结构的时空变化进行了三年的调查研究。调查期间，共发现轮虫56种。
优势种为裂痕龟纹轮虫(Anmaeopsisfissa)，微型多突轮虫(Proalidessubt li )，西式三肢轮虫(Filinianovaeze landiae)，角突臂尾
轮虫(Brachionmangularis)，尾突臂尾轮虫(Braehionmcaudatus)，暗小异尾轮虫(TrichoeercapmiUa)，蛭态目(Bdelloideasp．)
和萼花臂尾轮虫(Braehionusealyciflorus)。调查发现，珠江径流量对轮虫密度有重要影响。在丰水期，两个采样站点(分别为中
大码头和黄埔码头)的轮虫密度变化不大，而在枯水期，位于下游的黄埔码头的轮虫密度显著低于上游的中大码头。轮虫的密度
高峰出现在秋季(9月底至12月初)。中大码头轮虫的最高峰出现在_2004年12月初，为5975indJL：黄埔码头的轮虫高峰出现在．2004
if-4月中旬，为5877ind．·L．1。轮虫密度变化范围为4-5975ind．-L"1。中大码头轮虫密度的平均值为16274-233ind．·L．1：而黄埔码头
的平均值为10514-147ind．·L．1。
关键词：轮虫；珠江；广州
中图分类号：Q958．8 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1008-8873(2008)05·389-05
1 Introduction
Rotifersa eimportantinaquaticenvironments．The
compositionofr verplankton(potamoplankton)isquite
differentfromthatoflakes(1imnoplankton)．The
abundanceofrotifersexceedafewthousandindividuals
perlitreinlargerivers，ash beenillustratedforhe
Thames[11andElizabeth黜va一21．Ithasbeensuggested
thatheapparentdominanceofrotifersin iversmaybe
duetotheirshortgenerationmesandhilghspecific
growthratescomparedtocrustaceanzooplankton
pJStudieoffivernvironmentsarefewerthanIake
studiesnChinaandhavefocussedontheChangiiang
黜v一4捌hlthePearlRiver，thepaucityonknowledge
ofrotifershadbeenattributedtoinadequaterelevant
literature．AlthoughaprimarysurveyWasdoneinthe
收稿日期：2008-09．10收稿，2008-10-10接受
基金项目：NatureScienceFoundationofChina(40673062，U0633006)
作者简介：王庆(1981—)，男，博士研究生，研究方向：浮游动物生态学
·通讯作者，E-mail：tyyf@jnu．edtLcn
万方数据
!!Q 生查型堂里!竺!旦墅里呈!璺!!塑堡 兰!鲞
early1980s【6】，rotiferspeciescompositionand 3 ResultsandDiscussion
abundancerestillunknown．
乃ePearlRiveristhelargestfiverofSouthC ina
andthesecondlargestChineseRiverintermsofwater
discharge，delivering350km’offreshwater(1l，100m’
s“1annuallytotheSouthC inaSea．Thisstudywasa
comprehensivesurveyofrotifersinthetidalGuangzhou
segmentofthePearlRiverstuary．Theobjectiveofthis
studywastoprovidebaselineformationonrotifer
communitystructure．
2 MateriaisandMethods
TwostudysiteslocatedinthelowerreachesofthePearl
RiverinGuangzhouCityWereselected(Fig．11．
Samplesw recollectedtwiceamonthbetweenApril
2004andMarch2005，onceamonthduringApril2005
toMarch2007．Qualitativesampleswerecollectedwith
a35Ixmeshplanktonnet．Quantitativesampl sw re
collecteda thesurfacewaterusinga 5 litrewater
samplerandconcentratedbymeansofaplanktonnet
with20mnmesh．
Quantitativesampleswerepreservedin 4％
formaldehyde．Rotifersweresubsampledand
enumeratedx100magnificationina counting
chamber．Onequalitativesamplewaspreservedin4％
formaldehyde，anotherwaskepc00landwasexamined
assoon鹪possiblefordentificationinliveconditionltl．
IdentificationofrotiferswamainlybasedonWangL，J，
Kosteis】andSegers【9】-
rig．1MapshowsthesamplingsitesofZhongdaand
Huangpu．
3．1Rotiferspeciescomposition
Fi姆-sixspeciesofrotifer，intwentygeneraand
thirteenfamiliesw rerecorded(Table1)．Mostro ifer
speciesoccurredatbothsites，especiallythemore
numerousspecies．Abouthalfthespeciesw rerareor
occasional．Morethan20speciesw recomlTlOnand
onlyeightwererelativelyabundant．Therelative
percentagecompositionofthevariousfamiliesof
rotifersshowBrachionidae(32．1％)asdominant，
followedbyLecanidae(17．9％)andFiliniidae(9．0％)．
FourspeciesarenewrecordsinChina．Theseare
Brachionusmurphyf(Sudzuki，1989)，Lecaneelegans
(Harring，1914)，Lecaneundul ta(Hauer1938)and
Filiniaovaezealandiae(Shiel＆Sanoamuang，1993)．
TheremarkablyrichrotiferaunainthePearlRiverisin
accordancewiththewell-establishedconceptthat
tropicalsystemssupportahighernumberofspecies【8，101．
Thehighspeciesareprobablycarriedbywaterf om
upstream,especiallyduringfloody．Duringthedry
period，SalinityCalleffectthespeciescompositionas
evidencedbythepresenceofBrachionusplicatilis，a
brackishwaterspecies，whoseexistenceatHuangpucan
beattributedtoitsriftingupstreamfromthePearliver
estuarybythetide．
Inthepresent咖dy，themajorityoftherecorded
speciesw remonogononts；bdelloidswererepresented
onlybyPhilodinaspp．，andRotariaspp．Theformer
wasdominatedbytheorderPloima(41species，73．2％)，
whiletheother2orders，Flosculariacea(8spec es，14．3
％)andCollothecacea(2species，3．6％)，constituteda
relativelysmallfraction．Certainly，apartfromthe
typicallyp anktonicrotifers，severalspeciesthatale
caughtinthecurrenLmainlyinhabitphytoplanktond
sediments．Philodinaspp．，w thotherbenthicspecies，
wasfoundfrequentlyinsamplesfromsurfacewater．In
all samples，themostabundantformswere
characteristicallyplanktonic．
Thepresenceoffifity-sixspeciesofrotiferinthe
GuangzhousegmentofPearlRiverisfairlyrichrelative
totheoverfivehundredspeciesofrotiferknownin
China．FamilyBrachionidaeisdominantandthis
万方数据
5期 王庆，等：珠江广州河段轮虫的时空分布研究 391
Table1．SpeciescompositionofrotiferintheGuangzhousegmentofPearlRiver．
Rotifertaxon Rotifertaxon
Brachionidae Epiphaniche
Anuraeopsisfissa(Gosse，1851) ProalidessubtilisRodewald,1940
Brachionusang laris(Gosse，1851) Epiphanesmacroura(Barrois&Daday,1894)
B．angularisvat．chelonis(Ahlstrom,1940)Asplanchnidae
B．bidentatusbidentatusAnderson，1889 AsplanchnabrightwelliiGosse，1850
B．budapestinensis(Daday,1885) Synchaetidae
B．calyciflorus(Pallas，1766) Polyarthravulg r豇(Cartin，1943)
B．caudatus(Barrois＆Daday,1894) Synchaetastyl ta(Wierzejski，1893)
B．diversicornis(Daday,1883) Trichocercidac
B．falcatus(Zacharias，1898) Trichocercaapucina(Wierzejsid＆Zaeharias，1893)
Bforficula(Wierzejski，1891) Trichocercapusilla(Jennings，1903)
B．1eydigiiCohn,1862 T．similis(Wierzejski，1893)
B．murphyi(Sudzuld，1989) Trichocercasp．
B．plicatilis(MOller,1786) Conochilidae
B．quadridentatus饵啪n锄n，1783) ConochilusdossuariusHud on,l885
B．urceolaris(M011er,1773) Testudinetlidae
Keratellacochlearis(Gosse，1851) Pompholyxsulcata(Hudson，1885)
K．tropica(Apstein,1907) Filiniidae
Plationuspatulus(Mliller,1786) Fil抽incamasecla(Myers．1938)
Colurellidae EcornutaOVetsse，1847)
Colurellaadriatica(Ehrcnberg，1831) Elong&eta(Ehrenberg，1834)
C．uncinata(Mfiller,1773) Enovaezealandiae(ShielandS noamuang，1993)
Lepadellaovai如(MOiler,1786) Eopoliensis(Zacharias，1898)
Lepadellapatella(M(IIIa-,1773) Hexarthriidae
Lecanidae Hexarthrami Otudson，1871)
Lecaneeganea(Harfmg1914) Collothecidae
工．缸，jb(Gosse．1851) Collothecaornata(Ehrenberg，1832)
L．elegans(Hatting，1914) Collothecasp．
厶／nerm／s(Bryce，1892) Philodinidae
￡．1una(Mfiller,1776) Philodinameg lotrocha(Ehrenberg，1832)
L．1unaris(Ehrenberg，1832) Philodinasp．
L．pyriformisfOaday,1905) Rotarianeptunia(Ehrenberg，1830)
Ltenuiseta(Hatting，1914) Rotariasp．1
L。mienemanni(Hauer,1938) Rotariasp．2
￡．undulata(Hauer1938)
conformstOthegenerallyknownfactthatthisgroupis
o髓ndominantintermsofspeciesinfreshwater
ecosystems．The‘tropic—centered"’generai． ．，L cane
andBrachionuswerethemostdiverse，whereasthe
‘temperate．centered’generai．e．，K ratella,were
representedbyf werspecies(onlyK．cochlearisand
K．tropic )．Similarobservations011thepredominanceof
‘tropic—centered’generahavebeenr portbyAtom&
万方数据
392 生态科学EcologicalScience 27卷
Mehra【101．Manyspeciesageconsideredindicatorsof
eutrophication．
3．2 Rotiferabundance
Figure2showsvariationsinrotifersdensitiesatboth
sitesduring2004-2007．Highsummerflowsinhibited
rotiferdevelopment．Markedincreas sin density
occurredinfallwhenrotifersweremostabundant．
Theirdensitiesrangedfrom4 to5975ind．·L-1in
December2004atZhongda．Zhongdaadfallpe ks
(Octoberto December)．Huaugpushoweda
early-SUHlmerpeak(April)duetothehi曲abundanceof
AnuraeopsisfissainApr l2004．
Themeanrotiferdensityattheupstreamsite
(Zhongda)was1627ind．-L—and1051 ind．·L．1atthe
downstreamsite(Huangpu)．Populationdensitieswere
veryhighforsomespecieson omesamplingoccasions．
AnuraeopsisfissaandFiliniaovaezealandiaereached
maximumpopulationdensitiesof3392ind．·01inApril
2004atHuangpuand2383ind．·L．1inDecember2004
atZhongda．respectively．Themaximumrotif rd nsity
Was5975ind．·L。1inDecember2004atZhongdasite
and5877ind．·L．1inApril2004atHuangpusite．
respectively．
Duringthesurvey，mostrotiferspeciesw refoundin
verylownumbers，andonlyeightofrotiferswere
relativelyabundant(achievingmeanpopulationdensities
inexcessof40ind．·L。1)．Thehighestdensity，3392ind．
·L～，WasreachedbyAnuraeopsis加阳．1keight
dominantrotiferswereAnuraeopsis鑫Ssn．Proalides
subtilis，Fjlinianovaezealandiae，Brachionusangul ris，
Brachionusca datus，Trichocercapusilla，Bdelloidea
andBrachionuscatyciflorus．Allemainingspeciesw 佗
relativelyscarce，haddensitieslessthan20ind．·L．1．
Therew remarkeddifferencesinrelativepropoaions
andensities．ThedominantformAnuraeopsisfis a，
madeup28．7％and22．5％oftheentireotifer
populationatZhongdaandHuangpu，respectively．The
secondabundantformwasProalidessubtilis(17．9％
and24．7％)，followedbyFiliniaovaezealandiae(17．9
％and7．4％)，Brachionusangularis(12．2％and7．7
％)，Brachionusca datus(7．6％and6．1％)，
Trichocercapusilla(4．7％and7．5％)，Bdelloidea(4．6
％and5．5％)，andBrachionuscalyciflorus(3．4％and
2．4％1．Thep rcentagecompositionofd minant
specieschangedwi elyForexample，inDecember
2004．thepercentagesh dshiftedinfavorfFilinia
novaezealandiae．thencomposi g48．5％ofthe
population，whileAnuraeopsisfissahadbeenreducedto
5．2％．
——_——Zhongda
一’·‘‘Huangpu
AMJJ ASONDJ
2004
FMAMJ JASONDJ
2005
Fig．2SeasonalchangesintotalbundanceofrotifersintheGuangzhou
FMAMJ JASONDJFM
2006 2007
0
0
O
0
0
O
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
5
4
3
2
1
【I．J．DcI)①oc仍Dc3
cl∞一∞_o_
万方数据
5期 王庆，等：珠江广州河段轮虫的时空分布研究 393
Duringthedryperiod,sluggishc rrentsprovidetime
fortherotifersto eproduce．Aswasatypicalriverine
community，rotiferswereconsiderablyv riablein
responsetothechangesinwaterqualityandhydrology．
Thismayexplainthelackofaconsistents asonal
paaematHuangpusite．Themaximumandmeanrotifer
densitiesrecordedatthebothsites(5975and16 0ind．
·L．1atZhongda，5877and1049ind．oLlatHuangpu，
respectively)fallwithintherangeofvaluesrecordedfor
otherworldrivers，includingtheRhine(1300and110
ind．·L．1，respectively)[111)thePo(6660and2000ind．
L～，respectively)B2]，theElizabethRiver(7646and93
ind．·L-1，respectively)L2JandtheThames(4160and730
ind．．L～，respectively)【lJbutmorethandoublethose
recordedinotherChineserivers，forexample，the
ChangjiangR ver(2500and15．6ind．·L1，respectively)
【4】andeventwordersofmagnitudegreaterhanthe
QingyiRiver(50．5and22．3ind．·L一，respectively)【)J．
References
Il】1
【2l
13l
MayL．BassJAB．1998．AstudyofmtifersinthelUveT
Thames，England,April-October,1996[J]．Hydrobiologia,
387乃船：251-257．
ParkGS．MarshallHG．2000．11kTrophicContributions
ofRotifersinTidalFreshwaterandEstuarineHabitats[J]．
Estuarine,CoastalandShelfScience,51：729-742．
VanDijkGM．vanZantenB．1995．Seasonalcha gesin
zooplanktonabundancein，thelowerRhineduring
1987-1991[J]．Hydrobiologia．304：29—38．
HanDJ．HuJ X．1995．Asurveyoftherotifersf om
YizhengtoChongmingofYangtzeRiver[j]．Chinese
JournalofZoology，30：1-8．(inChinese)
WenXL，)(iYL，ZhanL，eta1．2004．Community
structureandspeciesdiversityofmtifersintheWuhu
sectionoftheQingyiRiver[J]．BiodivemitySc ence,12：
387—395．(inCh nese)
LuKX．1990．Thefishl℃source6inPearlRiver【M]．
Cnlangzhou：GuangdongScienceandTechnologyPress．(in
Chinese)
WangJ J．1961．FreshwaterrotiferunainChina【~q．
Beijing：SciencePress．
SegersH．2007．Annotatedchecklistoftherotifers(Phylum
Rotifera)，硝也noteso nomenclature，taxonomyand
distribution[J]．Zootaxa，1564：l-104．
KosteW．1978．Rotatoria．DieRdertierMittele珊opas．
GebrOderBomtrgerBerlin，Smttgart．
AtomJ．MehraNk2003．SpeciesDiv rsityofPlanktonic
andEpiphyticRotifersintheBackwatersoftheDelhi
SegmentoftheYamunaRiver,withRemarksonNew
RecordsfromIndia[J]．ZoologicalStudies，42：239—247．
AdmiraaiW，BreebartL，TubbingGMJ，eta1．，1994．
Seasonalv riationincompositionandproductionof
planktoniccommunitiesinthelowerRiverRhine[J]．
FreshwaterBiology,32：519—531．
FerrariI，FarabegoliA，MazzoniI乙1989．Abundanceand
diversityofplanktonicrotifersin thePoRiver[f1．
Hydrobiologia，1861187：201-208．
Ⅲ
嘲
旧
忉
嘲
嗍
呻
m
m
万方数据
珠江广州河段轮虫的时空分布研究
作者： 王庆， 杨宇峰， 陈菊芳， WANG Qing， YANG Yu-feng， CHEN Ju-fang
作者单位： 王庆,杨宇峰,WANG Qing,YANG Yu-feng(暨南大学水生生物研究所,广州,510632)， 陈菊芳
,CHEN Ju-fang(暨南大学赤潮与水环境研究中心,广州,510632)
刊名： 生态科学
英文刊名： ECOLOGICAL SCIENCE
年，卷(期)： 2008,27(5)

参考文献(12条)
1.Han D J;Hu J X A survey of the rotifers from Yizheng to Chongming of Yangtze River 1995
2.Van Dijk G M;van Zanten B Seasonal changes in zooplankton abundance in.the lower Rhine
during,1987-1991[外文期刊] 1995
3.Park G S;Marshall H G The Trophic Contributions of Rotifers in Tidal Freshwater and Estuarine
Habitats[外文期刊] 2000
4.Ferrari I;Farabegoli A;Mazzoni R Abundance and diversity of planktonic rotifers in the Po River[外
文期刊] 1989
5.Admiraai W;Breebart L;Tubbing G M J Seasonal variation in composition and production of planktonic
communities in the lower River Rhine[外文期刊] 1994
6.Koste W Rotatoria.Die Rdertiere Mitteleuropas 1978
7.Segers H Annotated checklist of the rotifers (Phylum Rotifera),with notes on nomenclature,taxonomy
and distribution 2007
8.Wang J J Freshwater rotifer funa in China 1961
9.Lu K X The fish resources in Pearl River 1990
10.Wen X L;Xi Y L;Zhan L Community structure and species diversity of rotifers in the Wuhu section
of the Qingyi River[期刊论文]-Biodiversity Science 2004(4)
11.Arora J;Mehra N K Species Diversity of Planktonic and Epiphytic Rotifers in the Backwaters of the
Delhi Segment of the Yamuna River,with Remarks on New Records from India 2003
12.May L;Bass J A B A study of rotifers in the River Thames,England,April-October,1996[外文期刊]
1998


本文链接：http://d.g.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_stkx200805023.aspx