全 文 ：第27卷第5期
2008年10月
生态科学
EcologicalS ience
27(5)：410-413
Oct．2008
PredictingthegrowthofPhaeocystisglobosaunder
phosphorus-·repleteconditionsbasedonchlorophyll
nuorescenced termination
CAIZhuo-ping，HUANGWei·wei，DUANShun-shan·
InstituteofHydrobiology,JinanUniversity,Guangzhou510632China
Keywords：growth，Phaeocystisglob sa，phosphorus，chlorophyllfluorescence
基于叶绿素荧光研究球形棕囊藻在富磷条件下的生长特性‘
蔡卓平，黄伟伟，段舜山·
广州暨南大学水生生物研究所，广州510632
【摘要】棕囊藻属于定鞭藻纲、定鞭藻目，广泛分布在不同海洋生态环境中。有报道指出，棕囊藻时常在北太平
洋温带港湾、挪威海、北海、英吉利海峡及南极海域等地方引发的大规模有害赤潮。近年来，我国东海海域和南海
粤东海域均发生较大面积的棕囊藻赤潮，给当地的水产养殖业带来了严重的影响。除此之外，棕囊藻具有特殊的生
理机制，可以产生二甲基硫化物(DMS)，对整个海域的气候状况，酸雨酸雾的形成以及全球硫循环都有重要的意
义。本文以球形棕囊藻为研究材料，设置3组较高的磷浓度处理(5mg·L．I、10mg·L。和20mg·L-1)，利用细胞记数
和叶绿素荧光测定等方法研究了该藻在不同富磷浓度下的生长情况。结果显示，不同磷浓度下的藻体荧光值变化均
呈现“S”型曲线，表明藻细胞的生长经历缓慢期，快速期和平缓期3个阶段；同时，试验所设置的磷浓度对球形棕囊
藻的叶绿素荧光值有～定的影响，其中在5mg·Ld磷浓度下的藻体荧光值最低，在第7天只有802Pg·L～，而在lO
mg-L．1和20mg·L．1磷浓度下的藻体荧光值较高，在第7天分别达至U836pg·L_和850Pg·L～，表明磷营养可以促进藻
细胞的生长增殖，但在较高磷浓度下，这种促进作用不明显。结果还显示，较低浓度的磷(5mg·L．1)减缓与限制
了藻细胞的生长，在5mg·L。1磷浓度下的藻最大特定比生长速率和细胞密度分别只有0．704d．1和190cells·mL～。相对
而言，20mg·L。1磷浓度下的藻最大特定比生长速率和细胞密度最高，分别达到了0．771d．1和250cells·mL一。研究结
果揭示，水体中的磷营养浓度的变化是导致藻细胞大量增殖的一个主要的外在因素，而利用叶绿素荧光来测定藻细
胞生长是一种快速、简便和可靠的方法，在今后有害水华监测过程中应该多加利用，以更及时、准确地预测预报有
害水华的发生，降低其对经济、环境和社会造成的潜在危害。
关键词：生长；球形棕囊藻；磷；叶绿素荧光
中图分类号：Q948．8 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1008—8873(2008)05-410．04
收稿日期：2008-09-10收稿，2008-10-10接受
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(40876074，30770336)：广东省科技计划重点引导项目(2005833201001)；珠海市科技计划重大项目
(PC20061045)
作者简介：蔡卓平(1980一)，男，博士研究生，主要从事海洋环境与赤潮研究。
宰通讯作者，E-mai1：tssduan@jnu．edu．cn
万方数据
5期 蔡卓平，等：基于叶绿素荧光研究球形棕囊藻在富磷条件下的生长特性 41l
1 Introduction
Phaeocystisisa genusofmarinephytoplanktoii
withaworldwided stribution．Speciesofthisgenus
sharesa polymorphiclifecy leincludingfree—living
singlec llsandcolony-formingcells【IJ．Phaeocystis
globasahasbeendescribedtodevelopc lonieswitll
variablestructure，shapeandsizandisanannual
bloomformingspeciesintheeutrophicatedco stal
zonesoftheNorthSea[2]．InChina，adensebloomfP
globosafirstoccurredinthecoastalw tersofoutheast
Chinain1997andreoccurredfrequentlyin1999，2000，
2003，2004and2005[31．IthasbeenwelldoCumented
thatPhaeocystisisaprodigiousproducerofDMSP,
acrylica id,andthevolatileDMS．Besides，various
negativeeffectsofPhaeocystisbloomsonhigher
trophiclevelsofcommercialinterests，likefishing，
aqnafarmingandtourismhaveb enreportedl描]．Hence，
Phaeocystiscolonybloomsaregenerallyreportedas
undesirableandhavebeende劬edasnon．toxicHarmful
AlgalB ooms(HABs)I，J．Ontheotherhand，excessive
phosphorus(P)enrichmentviaindustrialand
agriculturalinputshasbeenprovedtoplayaparticular
importantroleinthecellproliferationofm croalgae，
resultinginmassiveoccurrenceofH．ABsalongthe
coastalw ter[引．Numerousstudiehavebeencarriedout
topredictmicroalgalgrowthinresponsetonutrient
variationsusingtraditionalcell-countingmethodswi吐l
thehelpofmicrocopyandhemocytometer,whichare
relativelvtime．consumingandtroublesome[9i101．Inthe
presentstudy,weevaluatethegrowthofPglobosa
exposedtovariousP concentrationsbymea uring
chlorophyllfluorescenceofmi roalgalcolonies．
2 MaterialsandMethods
Phaeocystisglobosa，aprevalentbloom-forming
microalgalspecies，wasobtainedfromtheInstituteof
Hydrobiology,JinanUniversity,Guangzhou．Artificial
seawaterwaspreviouslypassedthroughfilterswitha
meshsizeof0．45}tmandaddedwithf／2enrichment
solutionf rmicroalgalcultures[iiJ．Priort the
experiments，inordertominimizeoth rnvironmental
effectsonthegrowthofmicroalgalcells，apre-culture
wascarriedoutinashaker(IncubatorShakerSeries，
INNOVA44．NEWBRUNSWICKSCIENTIFIC)at80
rpm,23oCand80I．tmol·m-2·s’1downwardir adiance
providedbycool-whitefluorescentlampsfixedonthe
topeofshakerwitha 12h：12hdark：lightcycleatleast
foroneweek．Theexponentially·growingcellswere
inoculatedin oidentical50m testtubes(SchottDuran，
Germany)containing35mlsolutionandmaintainedin
theshakerunderthegrowthconditionsasdescribed
before．Threep osphorusconcentrationswereachieved
byaddingdifferentamountofNaH2P04(5，10and20
mg‘L“)intothegrowthmedium．．Theexp riment
lastedforoneweekandchlorophyllfluorescencewas
meas redeverydayusinga TD一700fluorometer
(TurnerDesigns)．Maximumspecificgrowthrate
determinedastheexponentialgrowthstagewas
calculatedbyl astquaresfitofastraightlinetothe
dataaftertheyhadbeenlogarithmicallytransformed
basedonthefollowingequation：肛=(InX2·lnX0／
(t2-t1)，whereXlandX2arethechlorophyllfluorescence
valuesatdaytlandayt2．Inthendofexperiment,a
O．5-mla galsolutionwasampledanthenumbersof
thealgalcellwerecountedun eraopticalmicroscope
(OLYMPUSCX41)afterpreservedwithLugol’s
solution．
3 lksultsandDiscussion
l 2 3 4 5 6 7
Culturetime(dl
Fig．1ChangesinchlorophyllfluorescenceofPhaeacyst／s
globosagrowninthepresenceofvaryingPconcentrations
overtime
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
如
；2
∞
钙
如
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^叠．∞T1)。u口p箔QJoj写=h盂厶o．Iol_0
万方数据
412 生态科学EcologicalScience 27卷
0．8
O．6
蓍o．4
宝
苫
O．2
O
5 lO 20
Pconcentration(mg-L‘1)
5 10 20
Pconcentration(mg-L。1)
Fig．2Maximumspecificgrowthrate(MSGR)andcelldensity
ofPhaeocystisglobo aexposedtovariousPconcentrations
AsshowninFig．1，algalcel sgrewslowlyatall
threePconcentrationsforthefkrstwodays，but
acceleratedfterthen，followedbya relatively
steady·growingper odduringthelastwodaysbefore
theterminationofexperiment,exhibitingS-shaped
growthcurvesthroughoutt experiment．Itisnotable
tllat herewerenoobviousdifferencesin the
chlorophyllfluorescenceofPha ocystisglobosaamong
threePconcentrationlevelsnthearlybeginningofthe
trial，whereasvisibledifferenceswereobservedwiththe
prolongedexperimentalperiod．Thechlorophyll
fluorescenceofPhaeocystisglobosaculturedinP
concentrationsof10and20mg·L-1reachedto
approximately600肛g’L-1and850pg‘L．1onthefourth
andseventhday,slightlyhigherthanthatat5 mg。L一，
whichwasonly460pg‘L～and800pg’L。1respectively
onthecorrespondingculturetime．Itshouldbeworthy
topointouthatalthoughchlorophyllfluorescencefor
algaegrownin5mg‘L．1wasrelativelyslowcompared
t010mg‘L．1and20mg·L一，andno istinctionex sted
inthechlorophyllfluorescenceofPha ocystisglobosa
betweenPconcentrationsof10a d20mg·L～．This
suggeststhatphosphorus，anes entialutrientrequired
byplantgrowthandevelopment，cailpromotethecell
proliferationofPhaeocystisglobosa，whilesuch
promotionis relativelyconcentration—dependent．In
addition，0111"resultsdemons ratedth Pconcentration
ofapproximately5 mg‘L。1maybesufficientforthe
growthofPhaeocystisglobosa，andhigherP
concentrationsmayhaveotherp onouncedeff ctson
otheraspectsofdevelopmentandme abolismofthis
microalga，butnothechlorophyllfluorescenceofthe
coloniesofbloom-causativePh eocystisglobo a．
Maximumspecificgrowthrate(MSGR)andcell
densityofPhaeocystisglobosaunderP-replete
conditionswerealsoevaluatedinthecurrentstudy
(Fig．2)．Similarly,highPconcentrationsof10a d20
mg‘L．‘ledtoincreasesinMSGRduringthexponential
growthstageincomparisontotllatt5mg。L-1，which
was0．704d-1．Nevertheless，therewerenosignificant
differencesi MSGR(0．765and0．771d‘1)betweenP
concentrationsof10and20mg·L．1．Theser ults
confirmedagainthatP concentrationcouldbeof
potentialimportanceforthegrowthofPhaeocystis
globosa，butwhenherequirementofadequateP
concentrationforitsgrowthhasbeenmet，excessiveP
nutrientmightavel ssacceleratingeffectsonthecell
proliferation．CelldensitiesofPhaeocystisglobosa
exposedtothelowestPconcentrationof5mg·L-1were
showntobethelowestatonly190cells。mLl．Yetcell
densitiestendedtoincreasewiththeincreaseofP
concentration，withthehighestdensityof250cells．mLl
at20mg’L一，followedby221cells·mL～at10mg·L～．
Thesefindingprovidedevidencethatthealternationof
microalgaleelldensitiescausedbyPconcentration
variationm ghtbeconsistentwiththatpresentedby
chlorophyllfluorescenceofcoloniesofPhaeocystis
globosa．Therefore，itcanbeconcludedthatPmightbe
anexternalf ctoreliciting丘equentbloomingof
∞
加
印
加
∞
o
3
2
l
l
^I-1ⅡI．1一oo．o_-扫Is口Q勺=。3
万方数据
5期 蔡卓平，等：基于叶绿素荧光研究球形棕囊藻在富磷条件下的生长特性 413
Phaeocystisglobosaalongthecoastalareas，andthat
measurementofchlorophyllfluorescenceofmi roalgal
populationscouldbeconsideredonpredictinghe
occurrenceofover-proliferationofPh eocystisglobosa
cellsinwaterbodyonabaseofcloser lationship
betweenc lldensitiesandchlorophyllfluorescenceof
algalcolonies．
1kferences
【1l WassmannP’RatkovaT，ReigstadM．2005．The
contributionofsingleandcolonialce lsofPhaeocystis
pouchetiito’springa dsulnl丑fffbloomsinthenorth-eastern
NorthAtlantic[J]．HarmfulAlgae．4：823-840．
【212 RanchM，DenisL，DauvinJC．2008．Theeff ctsof
Phaeocystisglobosabloomonthedynamicsofthe
mineralizationprocessesinintertidalpermeablesediment
intheEasternEnglishChannel(Wimereux,France)【J】．
MarinePollutionBulletin，55：1284-1293．
【3】LiuJS，YangWD，GaoJ，eta1．2007．Inhibitoryeffectsof
ricestrawndbarelystrawonthegrowthOilPhaeocyst括
globosa[J]．ActaEcologicaS nica，27(11)：4498-4505．
【4】WangYQiYZ，ShenPE eta1．2003．Effectso
temperatureand鼢linityOnDMSPproductionin
Phaeocysti宙globosa[J]．ActaHydrobiologicaSinica，
27(4)：367—371．
【5】 SchoemannVBecquevortS，StefelsJ，eta1．2005．
Phaeocystisbloomsin
controllingmechanisms：
theglobaloceanandtheir
a review[J]．JournalofSea
VeldhuisMJW：BrussaardCPD，NoordeloosAAM．
2005．Livingina Phaeocystiscolony：awaytobe
successfulalgalspecies[J]．HarmfulAlgae．4：841—858．
VeldhuisMJ，WassmanE2005．Bloomdynamicsand
biologicalcontrolofPhaoecystis：aHABspeciesin
Europeancoastalw ters[J]．HarmfulAlgae．4：805-964．
WangD，HuangC)(，HuangBQ，eta1．2008．
Physiologicalresponsesoftwotypicalspeciesofdiatoms
tophosphorusstressinYellowSea[j]．MarineScie ces，
32(5)：22-27．
CaiZ只DuanS S．2007．Growthcharacteristicsand
chemicalompositionsofPhaeodactylumtricornutum
underdifferentni rogenco centrations[J]．Ecologyand
Environment,16(6)：1633-1636．
YuanML，WangZH’LiYE2008．Effectsofnitrogenand
phosphoruslimitationonthegrowthofChattonella
mar／ha[J]．ActaEcologicaS nica，2s(1)：430-435．
HarrisonPJ，WatersRE，TaylorFJtL1980．Abroad
spectruma tificialse waterm diumf rcoastalandopen
oceanphytoplankton[J]．JournalofPhycology,16：28—35．
1
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nv
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№
盯
限
p
Ⅱ
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万方数据
基于叶绿素荧光研究球形棕囊藻在富磷条件下的生长特性
作者： 蔡卓平， 黄伟伟， 段舜山， CAI Zhuo-ping， HUANG Wei-wei， DUAN Shun-shan
作者单位： 广州暨南大学水生生物研究所,广州,510632
刊名： 生态科学
英文刊名： ECOLOGICAL SCIENCE
年，卷(期)： 2008,27(5)
被引用次数： 3次

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引证文献(3条)
1.蔡卓平.段璐洋.肖群.段舜山 风浪扰动促进中肋骨条藻和球形棕囊藻增殖的模拟研究[期刊论文]-海洋环境科学
2011(4)
2.蔡卓平.肖群.黄伟伟.段舜山 2种海洋微藻对氮浓度生长响应的研究[期刊论文]-水产科学 2010(11)
3.蔡卓平.段舜山 基于核心期刊论文分析我国赤潮研究现状[期刊论文]-安徽农业科学 2010(31)


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