Four japonica varieties and two indica varieties were used for the genetic transformation of rice （Oryza sativa L.） by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith et Townsend) Conn EHA101 harboring binary vector containing GUS gene and selectable marker gene of NPTⅡ and HPT. Calli derived from mature and immature embryos of rice were infected and cocultured with Agrobacterium at logarithmic phase. The highest transformation frequency was 55.1% (indica) and 85.2% (japonica) respectively according to the estimation of hygromycin resistant calli produced. The ratio of transgenic plants regenerated from the calli of indica and japonica varieties was 37.8% and 69.0% respectively. The putative transformed plants were confirmed by GUS assay, PCR analysis and Southern blotting. The segregation of foreign genes in T1 progeny corresponded to the Mendelian ratio. This transformation procedure of rice will provide an efficient model for the transformation of monocots.
根癌土壤杆菌介导的水稻高效转化和转基因植株的高频再生
黄健秋* 卫志明 安海龙 徐淑平 章冰
（中国科学院上海植物生理研究所植物分子遗传国家重点实验室，上海200032）
摘要：利用根癌土壤杆菌 (Agrobacteriumtumefaciens (SmithetTownsend)Conn)介导的转化方法对 4个粳稻 (OryzasativaL .ssp .japonica)品种和 2个籼稻 (O .sativassp .indica)品种进行了转化。在对影响根癌土壤杆菌转化水稻效率的多种因素进行比较研究后 ,建立了根癌土壤杆菌介导的水稻高效转化和再生系统。将水稻成熟胚和未成熟胚来源的愈伤组织用根癌土壤杆菌EHA10 1/pGIH感染后 ,筛选出抗性愈伤组织并获得转化植株。其中抗性愈伤组织产生频率最高达 5 5 .1% (籼稻 )和 85 .2 % (粳稻 ) ,转化植株产生频率最高达 37.8% (籼稻 )和 6 9.0 % (粳稻 )。GUS染色、转基因植株总DNA的PCR和Southern杂交检测等结果表明 ,T_DNA上的外源基因已整合进了转基因植物基因组中。对转基因T1代水稻植株的遗传分析结果证明外源基因能稳定遗传给后代 ,且大多数株系的分离比符合 3∶1。该转化系统的建立为将外源有用基因导入水稻并高效稳定地表达奠定了基础。
关键词： 水稻；根癌土壤杆菌；遗传转化；转基因植株；成熟胚；未成熟胚
全 文 ：