n vitro pollination and its embryological studies were carried out in two japonica cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.), “Chunjiang 05" and “95046". N6 basic medium supplemented with different exogenous hormones was used for ovary culture after in vitro pollination. The main results were as follows: (1) both cultivars were induced to set kernels after in vitro pollination. The frequency of seedset was 52.1%, including 28.4%normal embryo development, 2.2% abnormal embryo development and 21.5% callus formation. (2) The processes of embryo and endosperm development after in vitro pollination were basically as normal as those in vivo , except there was some retardation in the first division of zygotes and primary endosperm nuclei as well as in their subsequent development. However, both kernels and plantlets could be produced finally. (3) A few abnormal embryos were observed, for instance, proembryos with elongated suspensor and vacuolated proembryos. (4) Two types of calli in the cultured ovaries appeared, namely, the compact callus and the fragile callus, which were able to differentiate into adventitious buds and roots.
水稻离体授粉的胚胎学研究
王文和1,2赵洁1* 杨弘远1
（1. 武汉大学植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室，武汉430072；2. 沈阳农业大学生物科技学院，沈阳110161）
摘要：采用2个水稻（Oryza sativa L.)品种“春江05”（早粳）和“95046”（晚粳），对离体授粉过程中的胚胎学进行了详细的研究。结果表明：（1）2个品种均胡离体授粉结实，平均结实率为52．1％，其中28．4％胚胎发育正常，2．2％胚胎发育异常，21．5％愈伤组织化；（2）离体授粉时的胚胎发育途径和体内自然发育基本相同，中是合子和初生胚乳核首次启动分裂及以后的发育均较延缓，但最终也能萌发成幼苗。（3）观察到具细长胚柄的原胚及液泡化原胚等异常的胚胎类型；（4）子房内形成的愈伤组织分为致密和松散两种类型，二者均可化出不定芽和不定根，还对离体授粉的方法，离体授粉中正常和异常的胚胎发育途径进行了讨论。
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