Abstract:Hybrid plants were obtained from protoplast fusion between Triticum aestivum L. (2n = 42) and Agropyron elongatum (2n = 70) via PEG method, but they did not produce seeds. The ovaries of hybrid plants were used to induce hybrid calli again from which was followed by plant regeneration. The hybrid characteristics of the calli and plants were determined by chromosome counting and analysis of esterase isozyme. The resuits revealed that both of them still retained the hybrid nature. Two of these hybrid plants survived and produced seeds after they were transported into soil. The analysis of phenotype, chromosome, isozyme and RAPD of Fl plants again proved their hybridity thus indicating that fertile hybrid plants were produced. Chromosome fragments appeared in the root cells of Fl and Fa plants. The analysis of PMCs of F2 plants revealed that the range of chromosomal number were 18 Ⅱ ~ 22 Ⅱ and pairing or segregating chromosomal fragments were observed, confirming that the chromosomal fragments were minichromosomes. The hybrid Fl and F2 plants grew vigorously, the stalks were strong, the ears and grains were bigger than parent wheat ("Jinan 177"). Now a lot of F2 spike lines are growing and further analysis will be underway.