免费文献传递   相关文献

Progress in bio-based polyamides

生物基聚酰胺研究进展



全 文 :!11
"!

#
2013
$

%
&
 

 
(
 
)
 
*
 
+
ChineseJournalofBioprocessEngineering
Vol.11No.2
Mar.2013
]doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3678.2013.02.011
!"#$
:2013-01-04
¯°±²

yzu°(S:;LMȀ
(973
Ȁ
)(2011CB710803,2012CB725204)
%&(

•
 
;
(1987—),
/

‚²•4
,´
í:;&

:;<=

&(Tâ

ÿ
 
¯

¶c4
),
ëì
,Email:kaiguo@njut.edu.cn
+,¯­7JžŸø3
 
 
¡

¢
 
m

£¤#¥

¦
 
¥

w.6E78 &gy6[8z

w.
211800)
9
 
:

#$%•–()Žu´‡t

9!H%()Ž€—˜,•–Ý~™š™TÞ0[‘-.

<›()Ž
€—˜,01œ€%‹žŸ

;<=

()Ž

u´‡t

€—˜

 ¡
>?@AB
:TQ31    
CDEFG
:A    
CHIB
:1672-3678(2013)02-0073-08
Progressinbiobasedpolyamides
JIDong,FANGZheng,OUYANGPingkai,GUOKai
(ColegeofBiotechnologyandPharmaceuticalEngineering,NanjingUniversityofTechnology,Nanjing211800,China)
Abstract:Curentsituationofbiobasedpolymermaterialswasintroducedinthisreview.Themain
synthesisroutesofbiobasedpolyamidesaswelasthecurentsituationofdevelopmentandapplication
weresummarized.Advicesonthedevelopmentofbiobasedpolyamidesweregiven.
Keywords:biobased;polymermaterials;polyamide;nylon
  
TâD4®1h&Ï~LMN-(S

¡¢

,-DQGH


þrîqì©G!ۂWTâ

Ö{TÄS
]^Xœ

éœ

Ë<

è=

¤ècˆ

j>

ùü
¶ºi?@qB

ʲ

Wvy}QGHTâ„
VSßàq^

IJK“²DbÚA策NÉ
¯

¨SR`«YZ®¯N…B~JKk(Nç
è AÉ/Nxy

&(QGHTâD•A«
NÄSûüTÄ×ØNÝ¢“Tâ

1 
+,¯…@m²ì
1.1 
+,¯…@m²ìµ¶
&(QGHTâD§8ÄIâ&&-

X
Yp„VNoê\C

z¼‡a

è*&


Azû\}a5a£¤Nb®”)Tâ

&(
QGHTât…xòÖxNêµTÄÆ4

m¼â
B

XœB

£¤B~ùú{Ba×Øt…ve
N±²

þÝ¢ÆÇNLIï­¼â

Ue9­ß
àéÞ

ö÷YZðñ

st[vNLM٠
[1]。
}ÇÈ
,2007
$`«”•&(¼âqì™
36
Ø
t,
sÙßà¼âqìN
02%;
&(¼âêµ²%
Öx

LM¯Ë
,2003
„
2007
$4`«.ƒ$k|
:°Á
40%,
»$¾¹s
50%,
ÜÈ`«dqìm
2013
$˜¾¹
232
Ø
t,2020

345
Ø
t[2]。
Éy˜¨L”NIâ&ëVÝ¢ßàdy
zu°>?ˏȀ
。《
yz>}?C{|#LM
€‚

{§¨

”Tâ?C˜=TâNæàF
U2C、
¼Ä*+lm\LM
”(
 

²D?C
);
yzu°bJNQ”?C×Ø{ÔÕç¨

hIâ
&N&-™éâ£]QGHTâ
”(
š

”Tâ?
C);
myz~yýwN

žŸ 

€{

çi&
qBŒN¹í

h\]&qBЁyˆGHv
9Y

1.2 
+,¯…@m²ì/ÌA
&(QGHT⥦£¤<_NLÕ

IG
™QGHTâiþv&

&CªQGHT
â

&(2r\}_CªQGHTâ

Ž&
(2r\}_CªQGHTâ

1.2.1 
QGHTâiþv&
[3-6]
QGHTâiþv&ۂt[\Ó

Z


?@

o@-

½¾-

b›hiþty
wa

[\ÓDý«ö•%¼~•ÛÜNIâ&ë
V

ۂ„Vt:Z

CD

Ä

/®p~þtQ
ap

†Iè*‘’NJ­*+q&

øDð

:;wh β 1,4w‹%BªNvGHyw,›
tvìa(

GѪGHÃ~GH4>%

ÉY

“
)。
ºÄ^b{·
,´
IÄS&q¼â

“ú

¿

åÀ

`

yâhi®Iv&q^

Z-ÓDbIÏmSvœGEýpZ-œ
{N2SQGH\C

vsÙEýp&ìN
1/3,
øp[\Ó

R[\ÓDàªp1vNۂ
ªG

Z-Óæà2S

›t¿þ(

Àa(

ˆa
(

ž(

oà(

†(

‰F§%a‹“(6

IL
&yI\}KT

Z-Óiþv&IÄ^ßà
ª«å¹

b›‡¯¹

œšŠöê¹

Éâa
,´
IÄSCª†:½

†—˜™

†½aQGHTâ

?@D:;wNQ†r

ۂÏmSp



IH{

?@(&Iï­Tâst€ðN&
ﭓ~I()“

©ª™Tâ×ØNbÚ:;


`?@¼âD§(ý÷ìNk¼¹aå
¹¼?@GH,
Ѫst¼“N?@:
z

øI¼âðSU½`&ï­

AßD•tL
M²ªN?@¼â

o@-Du‚Ņ&ëV

DbIV)Q
GHyw

@†wDøN=‘—\q

o@-~
@†wst&&U“

-’“

‹FU~&
IﭓayI&‹“

@†wFUTâXY
hך®

&ùÄTâ

"5C4CV

4¤¹
º

ùÄGâ

ú9*Tâa

YZïðTâ

"
¶HÀ

]^Xœ

lmaâa

G^À

"@†w
^H¤×À

‘ˆ êrcNG^~4ÈÀ

SET
â

"—\@†w

po—\@†w

‡‘(\@†
w~´¢ÇŸ—\@†w

øƒ2ZY7SE
“-

½¾-ÏmSb°]p‘—{

øDðyI
α :(‡BªNQGH\C,&RGH-ì
bxIðÂعÂGØ

ƒ„I¾öØ

mTâ
×Ø{lm:;p¨LN½¾-ۂXYv·G
^½¾

ࣈY½¾

η½¾

pI½¾

҂
é[\½¾

̽¾~¿½¾a

Áž$„½¾-
Tâmôæ¹

&Iï­¼â
、`
a[\~®I
XœTâa×ØN:;p¨LžGD45É


„CªQGH¼âNÝ¢›b

b›NۂªG™†P<ŸÇ

„VSb
›:{N›Ò

DbIst^;nC“UNIâ&
ëV

™ŽIEb›TâNTÄ×Ø

R
b›Ð{K“

bxXYYà\K“

@6K
“

:z[\K“
、`

>、
Y\~°ÕK“h
ipþt-N‰œK“

Lª›†X%jÀ›
zߏj›

™Kf†P<ŸÇ

DÃ菐b›
NÕGPàr

Aþst-‘

“°n

GS()

ýWJ“ða,°

|#h„Ä^¼â¢Ä^

ywD4®•(6N&›-›b

º^™U
ì-·

ywNþt2y&}FU†LMÅb
Z~»=

®IywTâ©mùú

&Tâ

]
^

½Ä^a×Øt…Ö{NTÄ

"Ì¥‡£G
YSê

DA«NF›ÏTâ

K}:1†wst
€ðNêê“

š›“

kL“

ôæ“

š›*+
IO“~ªÀ“

IÄS\}K“

°Õ‰†hi
Cª5)Õ%†C

Œé›DbIF&yw

IpJK“NM­›Ò1N†w£‰œ&


1.2.2 
&CªQGHTâ
&CªQGHTâ§8ÄF&&†C
£]NQGHTâ

ۂXY†a(z¼‡½
(PHAs)、γ †/:‡(γPGA)、ε †1:‡(ε
PL)、↱‚‡(βPMLA)a。
PHAs
DÖ{ÏmS__®æ“‘’

__®
;“‘’~ƒ’{NbIFU“&†½

ømF
&rÃۂ^™‘—Ã

V~UVNOP-

PHAs


a(z¼‡
(3HA)
2rBªNV“
†½

þ&RGH-ìbx™
50000~1000000。
PHAs
Lst\}Cª¼âN,“
,´
stbü
,J“U

"&Iﭓ

&&U“

<}‹
“

ï­qþ“

hpIŽ“him&C
47
&
 

 
(
 
)
 
*
 
+
  
!
11
"
 
ª*+{I8Äâ&éâa

ɲ
,PHAs
©ÅÖ
{ýTÄS&¼â

[、
&ù}pTâ

ú
9*Ýri,JXœa×Ø

γPGADðyI’q&NbI—·y2,ø
DûüF&QÀNۂBG
。γPGADbIê
Y“QGH

ð

/:‡~

/:‡è* γ /
:—™%†Cùª

þVŒÏmvìm^†(

A
ßst€ðN&&U“i&½`ﭓ

Db
I”)NQGHTâ

ɲ γPGAiþv&Û
‚TÄm&ùú

ûB

]^~YZa×Ø

þ{
ùú×Ø:;•y

¢þD^™úÝr

IÄS
k(úNw—“~Y­“

ٜRú´9*~
¤*^Ä

εPLDbIðF&vì&qN:(‡Õ)
†C

øð4r¶±:(‡

1:‡N ε :(
pÚb

1:‡Nα †(ѪN ε —™%q°
ùª

þVŒÏmvìm^:(ÙütvìNlý
›

øpF&^ÄIhVº‘—À

st-’“

AßÅÖ{Ä^]^r3¹
[7],´
IÄ^Qê“
:z
[8]、
&ϔ¹
[9]
iûüúNÝr
[10]。
βPMLADðF&L÷&ªNbI𱂇
BªNQGH\C
。βPMLAæà{_RtI
ŽN†(

¼þI^™bIGH(-p-rz
Cª-rL&,P“^Ä

+ù£ βPMLA½a
v&
。βPMLAۂTÄmùú×Ø,"Ä^ú
Ýrz&Tâ
[11-12]。
1.2.3 
&(2r\}_CªQGHTâ
&(2r\}_CªQGHTâ§2r

z
2r›b

VSIâ&-

@Ä\}_CªNQ
GHTâ

ۂXY†Ò‡

†¢Ÿ‡¢Ÿˆ½

†
RpŸo‡¤Ÿˆ½

†o‡½

†x»‡a

†Ò‡
(PLA)
Dh҇™éâ†Cù

҇
niα a(¤‡,ð›?@N–â、s/、à£、Q
À

Š·hiãÎaû^™éâL÷ù

ðS
҇GH{stbÚ5“oéH

Aßstb—+
/N©<“
。PLA
DbIþ

st|ÅN&I
ï­,“

Õ¸st€ð&r÷&U“NQG
HCªTâ

st(ðNÞH¯/

eì~ª)
“
。PLA
£^mùü{B



½ò&‹a×Ø
t…Ö{NTÄ

†¢Ÿ‡¢Ÿˆ½
(PBS)
DbIh¢Ÿ‡

1,4
¢Ÿˆ™Û‚éâȆùªN†½

þ{¢
Ÿ‡D&¢“*+{¿†‡9YN{4q

Õ
¸†DbüçàF&N¢“‰q

Ö{ÏmS
]p~F&{
。1,4
¢ŸˆÉ²Û‚ð\}
_Cª

چIð&*。PBS^
™bI&ï
­QGHTâ

stþ

I&ï­i&&U
“(ða^°

AßþIÄSXœ

Sp

ûB

b
Ɠ½Ä^~&ùúa×Ø

†RpŸo‡¤Ÿˆ½
(PTT)
DbIhRpŸ

、1,3
¤Ÿˆ™Û‚éâȆùªN†½

þ
{
1,3
¤ŸˆIð&_Gà\ª«z´éª«
£

ɲ
PTT
yÄ^[,
þst†—™Nô‰
“

¦TNTǓ

UTN-ð“

(ö6T}tN
”“hiUòXñma,°

¡®I[\N^€é
ēU¬SbT

+ùª™Ê²yõö•”¨LN
|QGH”Tâ›b
[13]。
†o‡½
(PC)
DGHŒ›to‡½(Nb®
QGH\CNdX
。PC
GHæà{X›Žô“
No‡½(pJ“NpY

s]^€N§<“

(
QN!"\*+X/

A«NI\}Ž“

GS
AK“hi€ðNÁ˜V“

-W+“

ýWJ
“abcdö,N^°

z¼X†o‡½
(APC)

CO2~Yà\CE\‰†ÑªNbIV“
—щ†

øNY&¨©Ž˜
CO2}—™`ï­
†CNZ”×Ø
[1415]。
†x»‡
(PIA)
ni†˜o(¢Ÿ‡

èòð
x»‡mDL¹^Ä×hYS†C_Cª

2r
x»‡DbI&L÷q

st(¯N&ï­


·…ÒéâL÷?CNQRUV

x»‡
iþ†C˜Ö{TÄS\}Cª

”Tâ~¤
b

ùú

]^a×Ø

1.2.4 
Ž&(2r\}_CªQGHTâ
Ž&(2r

z2r›b

DG\}Ž
*NIâ&-G\}_CªNQGHTâ

ۂ
XY&(†:½
(PU)
~&(†—™
(PA)。
PU
DtÞP‡‡½\C~®I›‹È>C

"ˆ®

™®a‰KTùNb®ÄªÖ{
NCªQGHTâ

&(†:½èò§ÆÇß
à(
PU
{N›‹È>\CðIâ&-Ý¢

zðIâ&-GxP‡‡½_CªNb®&
(QGHTâ

XYàz(†:½

yw(†:½

:(‡(†:½a

þ{àz(†:½ðSþ“
U^€

?C&Rª°

©G,¡ŽqB,
q^T
Ämj>¶X

[、


›ô¹i¬t›aLÕ
×Ø

57 
!

# •
 
;a

&(†—™:;ÐM
PA
nXÉ&

DGHیö›tu2—™(6
N¼“:zNdX
。PA
I🔙~Ÿ”‡£
Å

†Iðω :(‡zYי„Cª。&(
PA
§&RSßà(
PA,
þ2rVSIâ&-

"
]Äà

:;w
)。
¥¦É²yõ}»N—x

½`
&(
PA
ۂt
PA11、PA1010,
œG&(
PA
Û
‚t
PA610、PA1012、PA410、PA10T
a
[16]。
2 
+,¯­7J
2.1 
­7JÊ*µ¶
}`«
PA
êµNneqá
,2000
„
2006
$`
«
PA
êµh$ƒ
2.2%
Nk|:Tk

dr.w

k
˪9
,2006

660
Ø
t。

2009
$

[\D
PA
N•vTÄ×Ø

굩&Rª°

êµ$ƒk|

1%,
ù
PA
)+¼â

XY-ω

~
PA
å
ÀNíÚk|Ô2S
PA
[,2000
„
2006
$4
$ƒk|:G-¾¹
4.0%
~
5.2%,
QS
PA
êµd
rk|:
。2009
$`«&qN
PA
{st
60%
ÄS
&q[,
þÔÄS)+¼â~åÀêµ

)+¼â
~åÀêµedì™
260
Ø

ËÌ

þ{)+¼â
200
Ø
t,
D
PA
N!ŸvíÚ×Ø
。2009
$N)+¼
â]=~ܐqr}}
:2007
$`«Û‚ýw
PA
)
+¼â±²ì™
208
Ø
t,
(
2002
$k|
467%[17]。
Á$„

Éy
PA
{Bqì~±²ìG-h.ƒ
18%
~
13%
NË:Ëk|
。2009
$

Éy
PA

13727
Ø
t,
Ö¬­!b

ù

Éy
PA
{BÏm2
yL‰~^k

þ{•™U¨NDۂ2réâˆÃ
—™~ˆŸ™q^R·0Ï/*Q
。2011
$
,PA6
N
2rˆÃ—™yñ²ìm
150
Ø

ËÌ

ùyÃ8
BdqU™
40
Ø

ËÌ

Û*
100
Ø

01Ð>

yÃN&qì!!_«‰×m8BN±²

ùˆ
Ÿ™2rN²rˆŸ¦
,`
œÅy·šz“…_M

yÃõ8B`t&&q?C

*áž$4

Éy
aµÆR
PA
2réâ@ÅKÊT¹7

Ú
PA
2r
qBNÆX

©¤ªyÃN{Bbc

euñøŽÉ
y
PA
qBiþ×mqBNLM

ª™yzOP_`
~ˆX)BLMNbv0ð
[17]。
2.2 
+,¯­7J/ÃL
&(†—™AföIh
100%
Ý¢ßà(N
Õ®q^

AߨL&(
PA
Iö÷RßàëV
N01

stno



IJKLMN^

&
(
PA
+
20
¾
40
$¢:;„Á©ÅL÷ª
‚

œG^I)WUVxòª°

©GŠB\}ž
$

¥¦&-N„V

ɲۂIG™àzUV
~ywUV

2.2.1 
àzUV
lUVjĕyNàz™]Äà

]Äà™
vd>p]ÄNª°IHGeÅÙ!£¹N


DbIz“fŒm²L“Nx “à

†D¬­žvàâ^›b

øDbI2C¿‡
1à½

ۂªG™]ć

þԙà‡p˜à‡
a

]ÄàGHÒòQ

mú^

\g^

9—à

9—¹

‚W()à

[\à¹



¼â

ôC
¹

I¼¹a,^
™LI]Ä~x*
(ANA«ßàÝ¢

ÅX™

lmßà
”。

]ÄàÅ­)W£]&(
PA,
stGH



L
pˆ5]a2y^

&(
PA11
ð]ÄàÅ­&ªN ω žb:
(‡2r†Cùª

]ÄàpoˆL&ˆ­&ª
1àp]ćo½

]ćo½G
500℃
QXÅ­
*\™gHpžbLJo½

ÀûÐbPê­&ª
žboLJ

Ùm*à\^Ä×G¿\> A*
\™¿žb¥‡

â~:êKTŽ ω žb:(
‡
[16,18],
"#

³Z

?
1 
Ë̉•Pω ͜°¯
Fig.1 Productionofωaminoundecanoicacidfromcastoroil
67
&
 

 
(
 
)
 
*
 
+
  
!
11
"
 
  

PA12
N2rDžŸ:(‡

Ih]Äà
™éâCª

Aßt&£]¨&(
PA12。
Cª)
WN²P®¬S ω žb:(‡NCª,›Àžb
oLJGoˆ½\™žboLJo½

°…p¤Ç
¦m†E\×L&¤¥2G­

qG´é

¹
:(žŸ¥(o½

•Àê­&ª α,ω žŸ:(
‡
[19],
"#

UV
(a)
³Z

l)W·ÀG*KÐ

jĞbǦp¤Ç‡o½m†E\×L&¤¥
2G­

G´é

ê­

v&ª α,ω žŸ:(‡,Ú
*\:çQ
[20],
"#

UV
(b)
³Z

?
2 
°¯ÍQU¯RX/ÃL
Fig.2 Synthesesofmethyl12aminododecanoate
&(
PA1010、PA1012、PA610、PA410、PA10T
    
🔇~Ÿ”™È†ùª
,´
Qéâ`œzœG
D]Äà

h&(
PA610
™ä

þCª2rDˆ
Ÿ™phŸ‡

þ{ˆŸ™ð¢ŸÇz¤Ç@Äß
à<_Cª

hŸ‡I+]ÄàB


PA610
{st
60%
N

VS&-

£]hŸ‡N*+


]Äà~¦

"
NaOH)
¿(„
180~
270℃,
]ÄàL&ê­&ª]Äà‡~1à


à‡ÐbPÅ­¹ª6ˆ~hŸ‡

"#

³Z

ïhŸ‡Nq:(n

ÚlCªUVs]b—
Nª6^
[18]。
hŸ‡p¢Ÿ™È†I¹
PA410,
˜hŸ‡ÐbP¦、
™\I¹hŸ™

G-phŸ‡

žŸoŸ”‡

RpŸo‡È†

0
ƹ
PA1010、PA1012、PA10T[16]。
&(
PA69
NŸ‡2r
———
iŸ‡è@Ä}Cª)W+à‡£

à‡D2bLŒ~Nž
Èoz¼‡

VSvy}]pàz

"jkà

Á
‚à

iŸ‡*á@ÄQl‡mà\à‡N)
W£]

¡mè@Än‡à\Å­zñàG­à‡
N)W

"#

³Z

?
3 
Ë̉•PÎQcÏ>I
Fig.3 Productionofsebacicacidandcaprylalcoholfromcastoroil
à →z à‡
ñà
→

iŸ‡
Ÿ”™

QP†
→
C
PA69
?
4 
ÐQ/•P«Ñ­ÃM
PA69
Fig.4 Productionofazelaicacidandstep
polymerizationtoPA69
+àz£]LŒ~&(
PA
N:;†tq
á
[21]。
8Äü¾¿÷z­zo®÷NU+
rI+à‡zpDqàL÷£žÈoǟ‡

ø
DbILŒ~z¼Ÿ‡

IpŸ”™†CªL
Œ~
PA,
"#

³Z

Hablot
a
[22-24]
8Ęà‡pà‡NŸ†

#
6)
Cª¨&(†—™
DAPA,
ٜRþ@Ä[\Ó


k¯q-sª6~“U^

nÄLÕNŸ
?
5 
Ñ+,¯ÍÒÓÔQ•PrÕ6­7J
Fig.5 Unsaturatedpolyamidesfrombiobased
Zoctadec9enedioicacid
™2rpŸ†‡ÈC£]¨LÕN&(
PA,

Ÿ™2rNŒ|R•‰
PA
N“U´–—“^Ä

l
k¯B´x®Ž
DAPA
ÀN(Ë4)¼\{™


¼\²
DAPA
À™¹“Tâ

¼\À+ª”“r

2.2.2 
ywUV
ywXY:;w

[\Óa

þ{+:;w£]
77 
!

# •
 
;a

&(†—™:;ÐM
?6 
Q­/yz
Fig.6 Dimeracidstructure
&(
PA
NUV(™ª°

:;wDu­G
•Öœ•™u‚NbI2w

øDbIya(H

è
*CO2Cª。)B&q{,Äà£~
JÀ{³›?@@ÄJê­N<_&q:;w

  PA66、PA46
Nۂ´QéâDˆŸ‡

£]&
(ˆŸ‡NCªUV

uBv9’¿¡:;
w¢“™

=>re‡

ÙÐbP*\™´
,´
ˆ
ŸÇŸ‡

À´
,´
ˆŸÇŸ‡GQë>\¹
ˆŸ‡

"#

³Z

"‚p@ÄßàU«&qN
ˆŸ™~¢Ÿ™È†

Ih£ªœG&(
PA66、
PA46。
ðS¢Ÿ‡†Uð&_Cª

Aß¡&
(ˆŸ‡p¢Ÿ‡G¦\~™,
¹&(ˆŸ
™~¢Ÿ™

•‰I£½`&(
PA66、PA46。
?
7 
+,ߕPÖQ
Fig.7 Biotechnologicalproductionofadipicacid
  
ˆŸ‡^™
PA66
~
PA46
Nu‚éâ

þ&
_Cª?Cª™Áü$:;N°

:;wIm
‘’
P.putidaKT2440
×¢“™´
,´
ˆŸÇŸ
‡
[25]。P.putidaKT2440
DbIŠ‹‘’

s]y
I¢“U†

·À´
,´
ˆŸÇŸ‡´é™ˆŸ
‡

ˆŸ‡´Ið[\Ó£

[\Ӈ­¹‘
—¤‡

·À>、


&ª γ <ý,°…½¤
י<LJo½

•ÀG(ª

ê­

¹ˆŸ
‡
[26],
"#

³Z

&ãßà_CªˆŸ‡nÎ:
ýíîvìUV~\)éâ

lUVýs^

?
8 
Ñ67T•PÖQ
Fig.8 Conversionoflevulinicacidtoadipicacid

PA6
N2rˆÃ—™Ið:;wGL÷
£

q‘/Û*
99.9%,
UV"#

³Z

†
Ið[\ÓL÷B

)W®¬S#

³ZUV

˜
{4q<LJo½>‡\I£ˆÃ—™

‡~A)v}}¨ŽbI&(
PA4
N£]<
_
[27]。
˜yw®&-éâè*L÷*\™/:‡

âG/:‡=†JÐ{J*\Ùçő\¹γ :
(¢‡

•ÀGQë†C¹&(†¢Ã—™

?
9 
+,ߕPր7J«
PA6
/ S­Ã
Fig.9 Biotechnologicalproductionofcaprolactamand
PA6viaringopeningpolymerization
2.3 
+,¯­7J/ 2c¾Ë
&(†—™u:L„Á

yõötyz8B¨Ž®u¨LNq^ÙTÄm&×Ø

_y…>
s¨LN
RilsanPA11
™]Äà(q^

I„æNë
¯ãQ¬/†‘Ç
(HDPE)
Q
50%,
Ueݢ
HDPE
@~‚W@ÄS€ˆ2@á

œðSõtU†^
P

o¥NuNìïnŽ
30
3

ßàvK}~@Ä
RilsanPA11
&qÿÌIa“@à@
,PA11
Å£ª†
«
300mm
@áNÜ놶?µ

Iwbà@Q-
ë

Qݛ

r3NU†

½6Üíè}~R
Rilsan
PA11
Ð{K“

ö½Ž
PA11
Œa4N^Ć

Õ¸
(Q¬/yâ

¼”Tâ-s^€NV“~¯/

87
&
 

 
(
 
)
 
*
 
+
  
!
11
"
 
IÄ^ú¸6ýŽùÎ~‰]ýxN–)-M
[28]。
…>sS
2008
$\¨ŽQ“U§Ô
PARilsanClear
G830,
lTâ@Ä
54%
N&éâ

stuðNIk
ȓ
、^
PNŠ|“~Sy“
[29]。2010
$

½6~§
`p…>sC^¨L¨
“BioAmidoMJ”
cd&(
PA,
lcdq^h]Äà™éâ

bID›
30%
&
éâ

“°
315℃
N
MJ 300,
ÚbID›
70%
&
éâ

“°
260℃
N
MJ 200,
øÂs]Q“°~n
ê“

IÄS‚²S“~VWw—“NŸzœM
i
LED
aýHœM
[30]。
Lý˜}~†&~\¨y{&(
PA
q^

2009
$\¨N]Äà(
PA610
™Q“U¼â

st
¨mNÞH~†“U

“°Q¾
215℃)、
K;N
S\}^“U

ýQN€rñB“hinê“

,-|CS£¤¤£cÇp€]’å×ØN‰@
~L]ÞPàcÇ×ØNà@p°…
[31]。
l}~
\¨N
TechnyleXten
cd]Äà(
PA
S\}“ý
Q

xò|C–œM5¼~œ-

ý¹˜Š
Rocket
Electric
jÄø¦q^£¤¦“ý¹

þ㛕QI
¹|
50%[32]。MagnetiMareli
}~¼ÄLý˜çP
N
Technyl
†—™)+¼âĄ&qy{ŸzЀ
|@

ŸàGP@~&áâL]Þ
,´
C^¨L
¨
TechnylA218V30
)!"[\k¯
PA66
ω

ITÄSЀ|@~áàGP@
[33]。
2010
$

Ky}:}~\¨b{”)&(
PA———
†èpŸo—™

st()<Û

ê“nN


Um»/+\vNYZ{¶J^€NÞH“U
~VWw—“

|ÄSÍ·ôM×N~œM()

2011
$

LM}~\¨N&(
PAZytelRS1010,
I
Ý¢
PA11
~
PA12
£]ÃàL]ÞNáâ@

ªF
TÄSš˜,cdŸz{

ÙB¼y¼â)+9Ò
F
2011
$Ÿz:”F¦

Õ$½6¢É¨LN&
(
PA
pªGÙ
50%


“°Û*
310℃
Ͼ
E/ýQ


30%
!"[\k¯Àþ÷›+ÑX
/Û*
300℃,
lq^|ÄS£¤
LED
KËöih
ptœ)q°Ga
[34];2012
$

½6£›Ó}~~~
e,B}~€C^¨L&(
PA
éâ
1,5

™

µz}~hZ

&(
PA
&Rßà(
PA

U

YZ"#~ª6
ß·

&(
PA
NK“)^†t&qá

"
[\Ók¯
[22]
hig~—ßK“
[35]
a

y·˜
Šm¨L”q^NÕ¸†‡‡ôj&(
PA
&q
œB
。2006
$

÷8Xœ&qŠ
Sigdopack
mý
˜‚€cŽbž
5000t/a
&(
PA
œB

lœB
îë
4000
ؼ”

™å¼•vÕ®œB
[36]。
ÉyN†—™:Lï(L¾yztL–)
*

چŎbcdIJªø
。1958
$:Cª
PA1010,
›À8ÄßàУ¨q^ÿƒ
[37-39]
zy
w
[27,40-41],
GF&L÷£]Ÿ”‡

yÃ&(
PA
N:LRt´m

ÚõƒtqB\NRä

É
²

yÃ&(
PA
ۂVSÐ>zCë8B

2011
$

Cë8B²×„ÃQGHTâtž}~€
˜þ(S&Iâ&ëVNQ“U
PA
q^†C
qUm¡t
5000t/a
(SöÐbPçQ

h«‰„
uy÷êµR&(Q“U
PA
q^NJKQk
|±²
[42]。

,¨
LstuÛ<=q>

ª6n


|C)B\N&(
PA,
RÉyN
PA
qBL
M~yzOP_`stu‚wx

3 
y
 
ª
^™bIcyȈ&NFUTâ

†—™Ö
{TÄSˆi[\N£¤B~Ý¢Q¯/

QV“
æàTâN×Ø

"Ÿz

è=

ÞH

ýHýG

ÿ
`

XÆX

º0

r’Ä^a×Ø

ÉyIâ&
&ëVÛÜ

&(
PA
hIâ&&-™´Q
éâ

þ¨L~TÄItÎ9­
PA
qBü„NU
V~ëVë†

™dUöò

GHEFNIJKL
MçPt†¶¸

ʲ

Éym&(
PA
N:;~qB\Õ¼y

»$

½6aL¾yz&ã´Ïmb—)
*

ۂh¡m?CLeª°

£^“U_½`
«‰®IíÚ±²

ª6qQ

õÉpßà(q^
45

ß·

è*&L÷_£]&(
PA
²r
pöq:n

ç‘2Sa®¯

£m,7*+{@
Ä& \}6¶?C

Itܪ&*+~\}
*+

v.1\ÀK A)W

,¡&p\}*
+NQܪ

øI^™>:)^ûmÁÀ)^
{NªU~tÍKL

­®CD

[1] 
»;.¯

Ѕ

ß%‚

a

&(QGHTâ
[M].
¦®

\})B¨¨E
,2012.
[2] ShenL,WorelE,PatelM.Presentandfuturedevelopmentin
plasticsfrombiomass[J].BiofuelBioprodBior,2010,4(1):
2540.
[3] 
ֆ‡

{ˆ‰

QGHTâ:;ÐM
[J].
QGHèq

2008(7):6676.
97 
!

# •
 
;a

&(†—™:;ÐM
[4] 
æç

²ÌÔ

E

&(TâqB\ÐM
[J].
{yTâ
ÐM
,2012,31(2):16.
[5] 
7£1

ߣ#

Lbˆ

o@Ó(”Tâ:;ÐM
[J].
QG
H}q
,2011(1):111.
[6] 
{~Š

‹Œ

eQ¿

a

QGHTâ

Lª›N:;
ÐM
[J].
QGH}q
,2011(10):11051117.
[7] HirakiJ,IchikawaT,NinomiyaS,etal.UseofADMEstudiesto
confirmthesafetyofεpolylysineasapreservativeinfood[J].
RegulToxicolPharm,2003,37(2):328340.
[8] KuniokaM,ChoiH J.Propertiesofbiodegradablehydrogels
preparedbyγiradiationofmicrobialpoly(εlysine)aqueous
solutions[J].JApplPolymSci,1995,58(4):801806.
[9] GrbnerU,VelizarovS,BergH.Polylysinesupportselectrofusion
[J].BioelectrochemBioenerg,1996,39(2):181184.
[10] GugerliR,CantanaE,HeinzenC,etal.Quantitativestudyofthe
productionandpropertiesofalginate/polyLlysinemicrocapsules
[J].JMicroencapsulation,2002,19(5):571590.
[11] LeeBS,FujitaM,KhazenzonNM,etal.Polycefin,anew
prototypeofamultifunctionalnanoconjugatebasedonpoly(βL
malicacid)fordrugdelivery[J].BioconjugateChem,2006,17
(2):317326.
[12] HeB,BeiJ,Wang S.Morphology and degradation of
biodegradablepoly(Llactidecoβmalicacid)[J].PolymAdv
Technol,2003,14(9):645652.
[13] 
JlX

Éy
PTT
[\i`a^Z„LMŒ‚#
[J].
!‘p
¥Ä\}^
,2009,17(13):3.
[14] BroeckerWS.Thermohalinecirculation,theAchilesheelofour
climatesystem:wilmanmadeCO2 upsetthecurentbalance
[J].Science,1997,278(5343):15821588.
[15] KacholiaK,ReckRA.Comparisonofglobalclimatechange
simulationsfor2×CO2inducedwarming[J].ClimaticChange,
1997,35(1):5369.
[16] 
àº

Ž_

&(†—™N£]i“U
[J].
¼â>?

2011,39(5):7275.
[17] 


‘çz

†—™)+¼â&q

êµiþŒ
[J].
öÌ
¼â
,2009(4):1722.
[18] OgunniyiDS.Castoroil:avitalindustrialrawmaterial[J].
BioresourTechnol,2006,97(9):10861091.
[19] MiaoX,MalaceaR,FischmeisterC,etal.Rutheniumalkylidene
catalysed crossmetathesis of faty acid derivatives with
acrylonitrileandmethylacrylate:akeysteptowardlongchain
bifunctionalandaminoacidcompounds[J].GreenChem,2011,
13(10):29112919.
[20] MiaoX,FischmeisterC,DixneufPH,etal.Polyamideprecursors
fromrenewable10undecenenitrileandmethylacrylateviaolefin
crossmetathesis[J].GreenChem,2012,14(8):21792183.
[21] PardalF,SalhiS,RousseauB,etal.Unsaturatedpolyamidesfrom
biobasedZoctadec9enedioicacid[J].MacromolChemPhys,
2008,209(1):6474.
[22] HablotE,MatadiR,AhziS,etal.Renewablebiocompositesof
dimerfatyacidbasedpolyamideswithcelulosefibres:thermal,
physicalandmechanicalproperties[J].ComposSciTechnol,
2010,70(3):504509.
[23] HablotE,DonnioB,BouqueyM,etal.Dimeracidbased
thermoplasticbiopolyamides:reactionkinetics,propertiesand
structure[J].Polymer,2010,51(25):58955902.
[24] HablotE,TisserandA,BouqueyM,eral.Acceleratedartificial
ageingofnewdimerfatyacidbasedpolyamides[J].Polym
DegradStab,2011,96(6):10971103.
[25] DuurenJBJH,BrehmerB,MarsAE,etal.AlimitedLCAof
bioadipicacid:manufacturingthenylon6,6precursoradipic
acidusingthebenzoicaciddegradationpathwayfromdiferent
feedstocks[J].BiotechnolBioeng,2011,108(6):12981306.
[26] LangeJP,VesteringJZ,HaanRJ.Towardsbiobasednylon:
conversionofγvalerolactonetomethylpentenoateundercatalytic
distilationconditions[J].ChemComm,2007(33):34883490.
[27] 
9¯Ô

ÞՒ

æ#

a

bI&(É&†¢Ã—™N£
]<_

{y
,101974151A[P].20110216.
[28] 《
y·¼â

²“œ

Üíè:L¨ú¸6ýŽÄÉ&&¼
â
[J].
y·¼â
,2007,25(4):96.
[29] 
†CÕ

…>sXY¨`§Q“U&†—™®¬
[J].
)+
¼âTÄ
,2008,36(12):40.
[30] 《
¼â>?

²“œ

~§`˜\&éâQ“°†—™:z
[J].
¼â>?
,2010,38(8):96.
[31] 《
y·¼â

²“œ

Lý˜\¨Y¶)&V†—™
[J].
y
·¼â
,2010,28(3):74.
[32] 《
ýH)B¥Äk]

²“œ

Lý˜}~s&V†—™
TechnyleXtencdN®¬,™ýH)Bö÷çèòó^
¨”tu
[J].
ýH)B¥Äk]
,2010(5):63.
[33] 《
{y¼â

²“œ

Lý˜†—™
66:
TÄS&áâNŸ
zL]ޜMNTâj
[J].
{y¼â
,2009,23(10):86.
[34] 《
¼â>?

²“œ

½6¢ÉI¨L¨QS“&†—
™
[J].
¼â>?
,2011,39(12):82.
[35] LeeD,LevySB,CaraherCE.Plasticmaterialsfrombiobased
nylon11andfiled(micaandtalc)nylon11[C]∥Abstractsof
PapersoftheAmericanChemicalSociety.WashingtonDC:Amer
ChemicalSoc,2011.
[36] 
{†Õ

÷8€c
5000t
Y&É&œB
[J].
)+¼â

,2006,34(8):34.
[37] 
9Ìþ

hà~

ވ!

a

ßàL÷É&
1212
iþCª)
W

{y
,1255507[P].20000607.
[38] 
{”e

ÜJº

Qvª

|oŒÉ&iþCª<_

{y

1493602[P].20040505.
[39] 
ߣ<

hà~

9Ìþ

a

h&L÷NžŸoŸ”‡™
éâCªÉ&
612
N:;
[J].
¼â)B
,2007,35(1):13.
[40] 
•–

a¤!

ÃÔ

a

CªÉ&
1010
Néâ

hŸ‡&
CªN:;
[J].
F&}SŽ
,1981(2):3536.
[41] 
{A$

—˜˜

(S&_&qN|ŒŸ”†‡NÉ&C
ª)W

{y
,101210071A[P].20080702.
[42] 《
Ÿz)WpTâ

²“œ

²×„ÃQGHTâtž}~€
ôv&(Q“UÉ&qU
[J].
Ÿz)WpTâ
,2011(7):20.
08
&
 

 
(
 
)
 
*
 
+
  
!
11
"