作 者 ：杨喜田*,佐舖宣行,杨臻,曾玲玲,朱璞玲
期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 1期 页码：86~92
关键词：植被恢复；种基盘苗；营养钵苗；育苗方式；侧柏；白榆；
Keywords:vegetation restoration, seed-base seedling, container seedling, seedling cultivation measure, Platycladus orientalis, Ulmus pumila,
摘 要 ：不同类型苗木，具有不同的根系结构特征，其根系结构也将影响林木的生长和恢复生态系统的稳定性。以侧柏和白榆为研究对象，对移栽18个月后的种基盘苗与营养钵苗根系的生长进行了调查。结果表明：侧柏种基盘苗的总根长和平均直径比营养钵苗分别增加了316.20cm和0.05mm，白榆苗则分别增加了651.54cm和0.88mm。侧柏和白榆种基盘苗的根系表面积比营养钵苗分别增加了40.05%和73.04%。侧柏种基盘苗的根系总体积与营养钵苗的差异不显著，而白榆种基盘苗的根系总体积则比营养钵苗增加了54.70%。侧柏和白榆营养钵苗的一级侧根数量大于种基盘苗，增幅分别为42.31%和30.65%。对于侧柏来说，营养钵苗的根尖总数比种基盘苗的增加324个，但白榆苗差异不显著。各种处理的幼苗总根长与根系表面积都有显著相关性，但与根体积不具有显著相关性。营养钵苗的根系平均直径和根尖数量具有相对独立性，而种基盘的根系平均直径与总根长以及根体积均表现为显著相关。种基盘苗能提高侧柏、白榆幼苗的根冠比，促进幼苗株高、地径和主根的生长。采用种基盘苗进行植被恢复，由于其具有较大的根表面积和根长度，林木便具有了较大的吸收水分和营养的能力，以及较高的固结表层土壤能力。
Abstract:Different species of stock seedlings differ in root morphology, which have significant influences on the early growth phases of the planted forest and the stability of the established ecosystems. Taking Platycladus orientalis and Ulmus pumila as examples, the study investigated the root growth of both seed-base and container seedlings 18 months later after they were planted. The obtained results indicated that, the total root length and average root diameter of P. orientalis transplants of the seed-base seedlings were 316.20 cm and 0.05 mm bigger than that of the container seedlings，while the total root length and average root diameter of the U. pumila transplants of the seed-base seedlings were 651.54 cm and 088 mm bigger than that of the container seedlings, respectively. The root surface area of the P. orientalis and U. pumila transplants of the seed-base seedlings were 40.05% and 73.04% larger than that of the container seedlings. No evident difference in the total root volume between the P. orientalis transplants of the seed-base seedlings and that of the container seedlings. by contraries, the total root volume of the U. pumila transplants of the seed-base seedlings was 54.70% bigger than that of the container seedlings. Numbers of the first lateral roots of the P. orientalis and the U. pumila transplants of the container seedlings were 42.31% and 30.65% correspondingly bigger than that of the seed-base seedlings. Root tip number of the P. orientalis transplants of the container seedlings was 324 more than that of the seed-base seedlings, while that difference between the U. pumila transplants of both two kinds of the seedlings was not significant. In every treatment, a significant relationship between the total root length and the root surface area was found. No significant relationship, however, was detected between the total root length and the root total volume. Average root diameter and root tip number of the transplants of the container seedlings were independent. Contrarily, average root diameter of the transplants of the seed-base seedlings showed significant relationships with both the total root length and the root total volume. It could be concluded that, Seed-base could increase the root:shoot ratio and stimulate the growth of seedling height, root collar diameter and root dry weight. Thus, young trees transplanted using seed-base seedlings could have bigger potentials to absorb water and fertilizer, and to immobilize topsoil.
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