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作 者 ：王晓霞,张涛,孙建,张雪兵,李忠勤,娄恺*

期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 23期 页码：6563~6570

关键词：冰川前缘；原生演替；1号冰川；生态特征；

Keywords:glacier forefield, primary succession, Glacier No.1, ecological characterization,

摘 要 ：为了解冰川前缘土壤微生物在原生演替过程中的生态特征及其影响因素，用空间距离代替时间序列，以乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川终碛堤为起点，沿6个不同演替时期（0，4，15，31，43a和对照）的样带采集土样，以冰川附近发育良好的土壤为对照，测定土壤酶活性、微生物氮矿化与脱氨作用以及微生物生物量。结果表明，土壤脲酶、蛋白酶、酸性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶、蔗糖酶活性、微生物氮矿化及脱氨作用随演替时间而增加，微生物生物量碳和氮变化呈波动状，趋势不明显。相关分析表明，土壤有机质与酶活、微生物生物量存在极显著正相关（P<0.01）。1号冰川前缘微生物多样性指数随着演替时间持续增加，但目前仍未达稳定状态。

Abstract:In order to understand ecological characterization and effect factors of soil microflora in primary succession across glacier forefield ，using the space-for-time substitution approach, soil samples along six different succession ages (0, 4, 15, 31, 43-year-old and reference) were collected, beginning at the terminal moraine levee of Glacier No.1 at the headwaters of Urumqi River, a site with well-developed soils immediately outside the glacier forefield served as reference，soil enzyme activities, microbial nitrogen mineralization, deamination and microbial biomass were measured. The results suggested that soil urease, protease, acid phosphatase, arylsulphatase, sucrosease activity, microbial nitrogen mineralization and deamination increased along time gradients, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were variable, with no clear pattern over the chronosequence. Correlation analysis showed soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass had a significant positive correlation with soil organic matter(P<0.01). Soil microflora diversity index of Glacier NO.1 foreland increased along succession ages, but do not reach stability at present.

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