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作 者 ：叶火香,崔林,何迅民,韩宝瑜*

期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 22期 页码：6019~6026

关键词：纯茶园；间作茶园；吊瓜；杨梅；柑桔；假眼小绿叶蝉；蜘蛛；

Keywords:pure tea plantation, intercropped tea plantation, snake gourd fruit, waxberry, citrus, tea green leafhopper, araneid,

摘 要 ：为评价茶园间作几种常见经济作物对重要害虫假眼小绿叶蝉及其主要天敌蜘蛛类群数量和空间格局的影响，遂选乌牛早品种纯茶园、乌牛早分别与柑桔、杨梅和吊瓜的间作茶园、以及安吉白茶与吊瓜间作茶园，2007年9月上旬—2008年12月下旬，每旬1次调查茶丛上、中、下层叶蝉和各种蜘蛛的数量。结果表明：（1）与纯茶园相比，间作茶园叶蝉种群数量和蜘蛛类群个体数量显著地增加，间作茶园蜘蛛种数显著地增加；（2）间作茶园茶丛上、中、下层叶蝉、蜘蛛个体数量分布明显区别于纯茶园茶丛上、中、下层叶蝉、蜘蛛个体数量分布；（3）茶丛上层的嫩梢是制作高档茶的原料，而纯茶园茶丛上层叶蝉虫口百分率为54.16%，间作茶园茶丛上层叶蝉虫口百分率皆减小，并且叶蝉高峰期间蜘蛛的跟随效应增强；（4）间作增加了经济收入并减少了防治次数。认为：（1）间作可在一定程度上调控叶蝉种群、蜘蛛类群的数量和空间格局；（2）间作可减轻叶蝉为害造成的产值损失，增强了茶园群落对于叶蝉的自然控制潜能。

Abstract:In order to evaluate the effect of intercropping tea plants with several common economic crops on population density and spatial distribution patterns of an important tea pest, the tea green leafhopper \[Empoasca vitis (Gothe)\] and its key araneid natural enemies, pure Wuniuzao tea cultivar plantation, Wuniuzao tea-citrus, Wuniuzao tea-waxberry, Wuniuzao tea-snake gourd and Anjibaicha tea-snake gourd intercropping plantations were chosen. The abundances of the leafhopper and the araneids within upper, middle and lower layers of tea clumps in each type of the tea plantation were investigated, from early September of 2007 to late December of 2008 at an interval of ten days. The results showed that: (1) the population density of the leafhopper and the individual numbers of the araneids were significantly higher in the intercropped tea plantations than those in the pure tea plantations; (2) the species richness of the araneids was also higher in the intercropped tea plantations than in the control; (3) the spatial distribution patterns of the leafhopper and the araneid individuals within upper, middle and lower layers of the tea clumps differed evidently between the intercropped tea plantations and the pure tea plantation; (4) the tender tea shoots in the upper layer of tea clumps are the major raw materials for top quality tea processing, and about 54.16% of the leafhoppers were detected in the upper layer of tea clumps in the pure tea plantation, which was significantly higher than that in the intercropped plantations; moreover, the functional and numerical responses of the araneids to the pest in the intercropped plantations during population peak of the leafhopper was quicker than in pure tea plantation; (5) the intercropping resulted in both the overall profit increase and the reduction in pest control operations. We conclude that intercropping tea with other crops may (1) regulate population density and spatial distribution patterns of the leafhopper and the araneids to some extent; (2) reduce the production loss caused by the leafhopper′s damages, and reinforce the natural control potential against the leafhopper.

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