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作 者 ：汤叶涛,吴妤都,仇荣亮*,曾晓雯,胡鹏杰

期 刊 ：生态学报 2009年 29卷 4期 页码：1823~1831

关键词：滇苦菜；锌；吸收和富集特性；植物修复；超富集植物；

Keywords:Picris divaricata Vant., zinc, uptake and accumulation, phytoremediation, hyperaccumulator,

摘 要 ：通过野外调查和营养液培养，研究Zn对滇苦菜（Picris divaricata Vant.）生长的影响及其吸收富集Zn的特性。野外调查发现，铅锌矿区土壤Zn全量范围为1724~134973 mg·kg-1，平均为61495 mg·kg-1。滇苦菜地上部Zn含量范围为1214~18339 mg·kg-1，平均为5911 mg·kg-1，且转运系数（S/R）的平均值为2.21，大于1。在营养液培养条件下，当Zn浓度达到80 mg·L-1时，滇苦菜生长开始出现明显的中毒症状，随着Zn处理的增加，植物地上部与根部的生物量呈下降趋势，Zn含量呈上升趋势，且地上部与根部在160 mg·L-1时Zn含量达最高值，分别为12472 mg·kg-1和14026 mg·kg-1，体内Zn富集量也达最高值1518 μg·株-1，并且整个植株富集的Zn有75%~91%分布在地上部。结果表明滇苦菜具有很强的忍耐、吸收和富集Zn的能力，是我国境内发现的又一种Zn超富集植物。

Abstract:A field survey and hydroponic culture were carried out to study the effect of zinc (Zn) on the growth and Zn accumulation of Picris divaricata Vant. Under natural conditions, total Zn concentration in soil from a Pb/Zn mine area ranged from 1724 to 134973 mg·kg-1, with a mean of 61495 mg·kg-1. Zn concentration in shoots of P. divaricata ranged from 1214 to 18339 mg·kg-1, with a mean of 5911 mg·kg-1 (DW). At the same time, the translocation factor (S/R) was larger than 1, with a mean value of 2.21. When exposed to Zn supply in solution, P. divaricata showed toxic symptoms at the 80 mg·L-1 Zn treatment. Zn concentrations in shoots and roots increased with increasing external Zn levels and reached maxima of 12472 and 14026 mg·kg-1, respectively, at Zn treatment of 160 mg·L-1. Zn accumulation also reached a maximum of 1518 μg·plant-1 at the 160 mg·L-1 Zn treatment, and 75%-91% of total Zn was accumulated in the shoots. We conclude that P. divaricata has great ability to tolerate, take up, and accumulate Zn, and that P. divaricata is identified as a new Zn hyperaccumulator native to China.

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