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作 者 ：潘声旺,魏世强,袁馨,曹生宪

期 刊 ：生态学报 2008年 28卷 8期 页码：3654~3661

关键词：植物修复；多环芳烃；沿阶草；土壤；

Keywords:phytoremediation, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Ophiopogon japanicus, soil,

摘 要 ：采用盆栽试验法，研究沿阶草对土壤中芘、菲的去除效果与修复机制。结果显示：在试验浓度范围（0~322mg?kg-1)内，植物-微生物系统对芘、菲的去除效果明显。种植沿阶草60d后，菲、芘去除率分别为77.58%~96.3%、65.25%~83.25%；平均去除率分别比对照1(加0.1%NaN3)高82.27%、72.73%，比对照2(无NaN3)高43.26%、46.27%。沿阶草能吸收积累土壤中的菲和芘，根部和茎叶部菲、芘含量随土壤中菲、芘浓度的提高而增大；生物浓缩系数随土壤中菲、芘含量的增加而减小，且根部大于茎叶部、芘大于菲。修复过程中，非生物因子、植物积累、植物代谢对菲、芘的去除率分别为6.61%、0.157%、6.54%和3.18%、1.21%、5.72%；微生物降解、植物-微生物间的交互作用对菲、芘的去除率分别为39.01%、26.47%和36.57%、3934%。说明植物-微生物交互作用、微生物降解作用是土壤中菲、芘去除的主要原因。

Abstract:Pot experiments were carried out to investigate the mechanisms of the removal and accumulation of phenanthrene and pyrene by dwarf lilyturf (Ophiopogon japanicus Ker Gawl). The results showed that plantation of dwarf lilyturf significantly removed phenanthrene and pyrene from soils at their initial concentrations of 0 to 322 mg·kg-1. After 60 days plantation of dwarf lilyturf, the extractable phenanthrene and pyrene were lower in planted soils than in non-planted soils. About 77.58%-96.3% of phenanthrene and 65.25%-83.25% of pyrene was removed from the soils, respectively. Dwarf lilyturf removed averagely 82.27% of phenanthrene and 72.73% of pyrene from the soils as compared to CK1 (with addition of 0.1% NaN3)，and 43.26% of phenanthrene and 46.27% of pyrene as compared to CK2 (without NaN3). Dwarf lilyturf did show ability to accumulate phenanthrene and pyrene from the soils，the contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in its root and shoot increased with the increase of PAHs concentrations in the soils. The bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for phenanthrene and pyrene tended to decrease with increasing concentrations of these contaminants in soil, the BCFs for pyrene were higher than those for phenanthrene, and the BCFs for phenanthrene(1.1-6.36) and pyrene (4.3-9.43) in shoots were much lower than those in roots (1.41-9.35 and 8.13-17.88) at same treatment. Despite the plantation of dwarf lilyturf evidently enhanced the remediation of phenanthrene and pyrene in soils, contributions of biotic and abiotic factors to phytoremediation process displayed distinct diversity. Abiotic loss, plant accumulation and phytodegredation accounted for 6.61%, 0.157% and 6.54% of the total removal of phenanthrene, and 3.18%, 1.21% and 5.72% of pyrene from soils, respectively. In contrast, 39.01% of the total removal of phenanthrene and 26.47% of pyrene were attributed to the contributions of microbial degradation, and 36.57% of phenanthrene and 3934% of pyrene to plant-microbial interactions. Thus plant-microbial interactions and microbial degradation are the main mechanisms for the remediation of soil PAHs pollution.

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