Abstract:An analysis of Ecological Footprint (EF) of Fukang county from 1981 to 2004 shows a yearly increased trend of EF including energy consumption and biological consumption in the north Tianshan Mountains region, China. The expanding of the energy consumption and biological consumption from a rapid urbanization is due to fast industrialization with blooming demand of energy resource and market restructuring of competitive product of natural resources in the mid-1990s. It also reveals a little decreased trend of total eco-capacity involving serious decreases of grazingland and till land although a little increases of forest land. The ecological deficit began in the early-1990s and has been enlarging since then. The increasing consumption of local production of livestock induces more and more overgrazing declined the capacity of grassland seriously, and these become the most obstructive factor of sustainable development of Tianshan Mountains region. Unsustainability of grazingland use is closely related to extensive animal breeding and poor knowledge in reasonable utilization of grassland, as sustainable managing grasslands becomes a major challenge facing all of the people in our society.