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期 刊 ：生态学报 2008年 28卷 5期 页码：2279~2279～2287

关键词：尺度分析方法；特征尺度；

Keywords:scale analysis, spatial characteristic scale, methods comparison and evaluation,

摘 要 ：多尺度空间分析法是发现和识别景观特征尺度的主要方法。当前这类方法很多，缺乏归类和对比分析评价。基于空间类型变量和数值变量，对多尺度空间分析方法进行了重新梳理。同时对当前常用的尺度分析方法：半方差分析、尺度方差分析、小波分析和孔隙度指数分析，以中国三北防护林为例，对比了各种尺度分析方法的特点和优劣。结果表明，在特征尺度的识别上：小波方差方法清晰明了；半方差分析法灵活简捷，结果明显；尺度方差分析法和孔隙度指数法在本研究中的判识结果不甚明显。在计算速度上：半方差分析法计算量最大、耗时最长，尺度方差次之，小波方差速度最快，孔隙度指数法计算速度快于前两种，慢于小波方差分析方法。半方差分析方法简单灵活，而且相关理论方法成熟，但缺乏对大尺度格局的整体把握，而小波分析恰恰能很好的弥补这一不足。最后提出，半方差分析和小波变换相结合将会是最优的尺度分析方法。

Abstract:Multi-scale analysis is the main method in identifying landscape spatial characteristics, but lack of classification and comparison evaluation concerning so many different methods used in present ecological researches. These multi-scale analysis methods were categorized based on spatial numerical variable and type variable. In order to compare and evaluate these methods, taking Three-North shelter forest as a study case, the commonly used methods were implemented to identify the characteristic scale. The results showed that the wavelet had a reasonable and clear process, and its outcome measures were time saving. The semivariance was much flexible and its results were clear but consuming time. The outcome of scale variance and lacunarity for characteristic scale detecting were almost indiscernible. We concluded that the most optimal way of scale analysis lied in the combination of semivariance and wavelet. Since the former’s theory and application is simple and robust but can not provide the holistic understanding which can be made up by the latter.

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