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作 者 ：许自成,刘国顺,刘金海,金文华,石栓成,牛德江,祝照宇

期 刊 ：生态学报 2005年 25卷 7期 页码：1748~1753

关键词：铜山烟区；气候因素；土壤因素；烟叶质量；

Keywords:Tongshan tobacco-growing areas, meteorological factors, soil factors, leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco,

摘 要 ：分析了河南省铜山烟区适宜种植烤烟的基本条件、气候因素、土壤养分状况及所产烟叶的质量特点,结果表明:(1)该烟区具有无霜期长、大于10℃积温高、日均气温大于20℃的时间长等突出特点,地貌类型为浅山丘陵,土壤为黄褐土,多呈中性微酸反应,土壤含氯量较低,多项指标均达到了烤烟适宜或最适宜类型生长发育所要求的环境条件。(2)铜山烟区较强的太阳辐射、较长的日照时数、较适宜的降雨量可能是该区域烟叶香气质好、香气量足、吃味醇厚的主要生态学外因。(3)铜山烟区土壤养分含量存在较大的变异。一般土壤有机质含量较丰富,总体供氮水平较高,速效磷含量丰缺各半,大面积土壤钾含量中等偏低,多数中微量元素含量丰富,但钙镁比、钾钙比不合理,影响了烟株对镁和钾的吸收利用,且有效钼、有效硼含量普遍偏低,应注意追施钼肥和硼肥。(4)铜山烟区烟叶颜色桔黄,外观品质佳;各化学成分含量较适宜,组成比例协调;浓香型风格突出,配伍性强,感官评吸质量较好。

Abstract:Basic conditions for tobacco-growing areas, meteorological factors, status of soil nutrients and quality of tobacco leaves were analyzed in Tongshan, Henan Province. The results indicated that: (1) Tongshan tobacco-growing areas had a long frost-free period, high accumulated temperature of ≥10℃, and a long period of time with daily average temperature of ≥20℃. The soil was yellowish-brown with a hilly topography, neutral to slightly acid pH, and low Cl~-1 content. (2) The stronger solar radiation, the longe...

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