---

作 者 ：虞依娜,杨柳春,叶有华,陈宝明,宋莉英,彭少麟

期 刊 ：生态学报 2007年 27卷 3期 页码：997~1004

关键词：退化生态系统；生态恢复；经济价值；土壤保持；小良；

Keywords:degraded ecosystem, ecological restoration, economic value, soil conservation,

摘 要 ：以热带植被退化生态系统恢复过程中的长期连续的动态监测资料为基础,应用时空互代法、机会成本法、市场价值法和影子工程法等方法,对小良极度退化生态系统的热带植被恢复中的土壤保持生态经济动态特征进行研究。结果表明：(1)退化森林生态系统恢复到30a林龄时土壤保持量已趋于饱和。边际效用递减到0时土壤保持总效用达到最高，土壤侵蚀基本控制。(2)土壤保持的经济价值具有时效依赖性。退化生态系统植被在20a林龄前恢复经济价值呈快速增长；20a林龄后增长趋势放缓,人工植被对水土的保持能力基本接近天然混交林；(3)土壤保持的经济价值同生态效应具有一致性。小良退化生态系统恢复到20a林龄，林木林冠较茂密，郁密度达到85%左右，土壤肥力增加，土壤侵蚀基本得到控制，同时植物多样性和生物多样性指数增高，其经济价值呈快速上升趋势，到20a林龄后土壤保持经济价值增长趋势平缓。(4)恢复的森林生态系统在不同林龄时的土壤保持经济价值与一些区域自然森林生态系统具有一致性。

Abstract:Based on the data obtained from the process of Tropical Vegetation Restoration in Xiaoliang, the dynamic characteristics of ecological economy of soil conservation were studied in this paper. Methods of space for time, opportunity cost, market valuation, and shadow engineering were used to evaluate the ecological economy of soil conservation. Results showed that: (1) Soil conservation to reach a saturation status when the degradation ecosystem restored for 30 years. (2) Economic value of soil conservation was time-dependent. The economic value increased rapidly when the degradation ecosystem restored at the first 20 years, while, after 20 years, it increased at a relatively slow rate and the potential of soil conservation was close to a natural mixed forest. (3) The economic value of soil conservation was consistent with the ecological effect. When the degraded ecosystem in Xiaoliang restored for 20 years, the vegetation cover reached 85%, in turn the soil fertility increased and the soil erosion was controlled within the ecosystem. Besides, the biodiversity increased, and the economic value increased stably. (4) Economic value of soil conservation at different year in a restored forest ecosystem was consistent with those in some regional natural forest ecosystem.

---