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作 者 ：毛小芳,胡锋,陈小云,Griffiths Bryan,李辉信

期 刊 ：生态学报 2007年 27卷 2期 页码：650~654

关键词：食细菌线虫；原位富集培养；猪粪；稻草；

Keywords:bacterial-feeding nematode, enrichment culturing in situ, pig manure, rice straw,

摘 要 ：采用两种孔径的尼龙网袋（1mm和5μm），将盆钵供试土壤分成内外两层，内层土壤混合猪粪或稻草，并以不添加猪粪和稻草的供试土壤作为空白；外层直接接入供试土壤，进行培养，以获取土著食细菌线虫大量富集的试验土壤。结果表明：添加基质（猪粪和稻草）显著地促进了土壤线虫的繁殖，大量繁殖的线虫通过1mm网袋迁移至外层未加基质的土壤，而采用5μm网袋则限制了线虫向外层土壤的迁移。添加猪粪的1mm网袋处理经过28d培养后，外层土壤线虫数是空白处理的9.1倍；添加稻草的1mm网袋处理经过35d培养后，外层土壤线虫数是空白处理的5.9倍。添加两种基质的5μm网袋处理，外层土壤线虫数和空白处理差异不大。添加基质主要是促进了食细菌线虫的繁殖，在培养结束时，添加猪粪的1mm网袋处理的食细菌线虫比例达到98.2%，添加稻草的1mm网袋处理的食细菌线虫比例达到90.5%，两个处理食细菌线虫的总数分别是空白处理的14.8倍和8.9倍，并且主要是Protorhabditis sp.线虫的增加。

Abstract:Soil mixed with either pig manure or rice straw was placed in a mesh bag (1mm or 5μm), and then surrounded by an outer layer of unamended soil, to generate with greater populations of bacterial-feeding nematodes, compared to a normal field soil. The results showed that addition of pig manure and rice straw significantly increased the nematode populations. The increased nematodes were able to migrate through the 1mm mesh into the outer soil, thus giving greater populations than in soil surrounding the 5μm mesh, which nematodes cannot migrate through. After 28 and 35 days incubation respectively, the outer soil contained a 9.1-times increase of nematodes in the pig manure treatment and an 8.9-times in the rice straw treatment, compared to soil with no added substrate. While the nematode abundance in the outer soils surrounding the 5μm mesh was not significantly different from the no-substrate treatment. The increased nematodes were mainly bacterial-feeders (primarily Protorhabditis sp.), accounting for 98.2% of total nematodes in the pig manure treatment and 90.5% in the rice straw treatment at the end of the incubation. And the total abundance of bacterial-feeding nematodes was increased by 14.8 times and 8.9 times than no-substrate treatment respectively in pig manure treatment and the rice straw treatment.

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