Abstract:The Loess Plateau of China is a central zone of Chinese rainfed farming. Over a long period of time, traditional technologies of dryland agriculture have improved rainwater utilization and played a positive role for development of dryland agriculture in this area. But, problems of agriculture production are still going on, such as low productivity, instable agro-ecosystem, low of yield-investment ratio. In 1980s, specialists who are engaged in arid ecology, arid meteorology and dryland agriculture found th...