Abstract:The Liaodong oak ( Q. liaotungensis is sparsely distributed in the mountain areas of Beijing, China. Although with good acorn production the natural regeneration of the oak by direct seeding is extraordinary low. Previous studies indicated that rodents are very important in affecting seedling recruitment of the oak. The purpose of this study aims to investigate (1) impact of burial on the seedling recruitment; (2) impact of environmental factors (e.g. slope, ground vegetation cover) on seedling recruitm...