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作 者 ：赵鸿雁,吴钦孝,刘国彬

期 刊 ：生态学报 2003年 23卷 2期 页码：376~379

关键词：黄土高原；人工油松林；水文生态效应；

Keywords:Loess Plateau, artificial Chinese pine, hydro-ecological effect,

摘 要 ：在陕北黄龙山区利用对降水和设置在林分中的径流小区进行长期定位观测的方法 ,研究了黄土高原主要造林树种油松林的水文生态效应 ,据 1 995～ 2 0 0 0年观测结果 ,中龄人工油松林林冠平均截留率为2 5 .1 % ,树干茎流量占大气降水量的 3.3% ,枯枝落叶层的截留率为 1 1 .6%。在森林的作用下 ,林地土壤的理化性质得到了明显的改善。与农地相比 ,林地容重低 8.6% ,有机质含量、全氮含量和阳离子代换量分别高 1 30 .1 %、84.2 %和 5 3.2 % ,细土颗粒组分比例增加。与此同时 ,林地地表径流量和土壤侵蚀量则分别减少 84.5 %和 99.9% ,表明了人工油松林巨大的水文生态作用。

Abstract:Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) is widely distributed in the Loess Plateau and is one of the main species for afforestation in the region. In order to expound the role of its stand in controlling serious soil and water losses and the mechanism of the role a study on the hydro-ecological effects of the stand, including its canopy, litter and root system is carried out in the period from 1995 to 2000, using the long term observation on rainfall and runoff plots set up in its stand and the method of...

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