Abstract:A field study was conducted at the Taoyuan Experimental Station of Agro-ecosystem Observation, to investigate the long-term (9 years) effects of different fertilization systems on rice productivity, nitrogen absorption by the crops at different growth stages and the nitrogen supplying capacity of soils in the red earth region of China.; The experiment had a total of ten treatments. (1) A control treatment ‘CK‘, in which no fertiliser or recycled crop nutrients were applied; (2) treatment ‘C‘, in which cr...