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作 者 ：吕曼曼1；刘志华2；王慧1；朱国栋1；杨兴堂1；张荣沭1*

期 刊 ：植物研究 2015年 35卷 2期 页码：289-296

关键词：棘孢木霉；山新杨；土壤养分；土壤含水率；土壤pH；

Keywords:Trichoderma asperellum, Populus davidiana×, P.bolleana, soil nutrient, soil moisture content, soil Ph,

摘 要 ：采用盆栽一年生山新杨组培移栽苗，以不施用木霉且不栽培杨树苗的盆土（Con）、不施用木霉只栽培杨树苗的盆土（Con1）为对照，分别对不栽培和栽培杨树苗的盆土施加5×10³cfu·cm^-3土的棘孢木霉分生孢子（作为处理组T和T1），分析大田生长条件下，棘孢木霉菌对杨树苗60 d的生长时间内栽培土壤理化性质及养分变化的影响。方差分析结果说明，棘孢木霉分生孢子诱导时间和不同处理对土壤含水率存在显著影响（P＜0.05），能显著降低栽培杨树苗土壤的含水率（P＜0.05）。诱导时间和不同处理对土壤pH均无显著影响（P＞0.05），但木霉具有缓冲土壤pH的作用，使pH保持在6.84～6.97。同时，木霉诱导时间和不同处理对土壤有机质、总氮、全磷、有效磷和全钾含量存在显著影响（P＜0.05），能使栽培杨树苗的盆土在不同采样时间点的最高有机质含量分别为Con和Con1的1.27、1.31倍（P＜0.05）；总氮最大含量分别为Con、Con1和T的1.18、1.18和1.25倍；全磷最大含量为Con1的1.12倍，有效磷最大含量为Con1的1.13倍；全钾最大含量达Con1的1.17倍（P＜0.05）。诱导时间对速效钾含量有显著影响（P＜0.05），而不同处理对土壤速效钾含量无显著影响（P＞0.05）。与此同时，诱导时间和处理的交互作用对所检测的指标均具有显著影响（P＜0.05）。总之，施加棘孢木霉分生孢子能显著影响土壤理化性质和营养成分。

Abstract:In order to study the effect of Trichoderma asperellum ACCC30536 on the physical and chemical properties and nutrient components of the soil in a 60-day growing period under field conditions, we conducted pot culturing experiment of one-year-old tissue-cultured Populus davidiana×P.bolleana seedlings. Both soil in empty pots and soil in seedling-culturing pots were treated with T.asperellum conidia solution at the concentration of 5×10³ cfu·cm^-3 soil in the experiment (as T and T1 group), where bare pot soil and soil in a seedling-culturing pot without treatment were taken as control groups (Con and Con1, respectively). By ANOVA, the differences in inducing durations and levels of T.asperellum treatment significantly influenced the moisture content of the soil (P<0.05), while all treatments significantly decreased the moisture content (P<0.05). The differences in inducing durations and levels of T.asperellum treatment had no significant influence on the alteration of soil pH (P>0.05). Although T.asperellum treatment had a general buffering effect on soil pH, the pH was kept in the range of 6.84-6.97. The differences in inducing durations and levels of T.asperellum treatment significantly affected the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and total potassium (P<0.05), resulting in a highest organic matter content of 1.27 and 1.31 times of that of Con and Con1 respectively, among those of all sampling time points in all seedlingculturing pots (P<0.05), and a maximum total nitrogen content of 1.18, 1.18 and 1.25 times of those of Con, Con1 and T, separately (P<0.05), and a maximum total phosphorus content of 1.12 times of that of Con1(P<0.05), a maximum available phosphorus content of 1.13 times of that of Con1 (P<0.05), and a maximum total potassium content of 1.17 times of that of Con1 (P<0.05). Inducing duration had a significant influence on the available potassium content (P<0.05), while difference in treatment levels had no significant influence on the available potassium content of the soil (P>0.05). Furthermore, the interaction between the inducing durations and the difference in treatment levels of T.asperellum also significantly influenced the above indexes (P<0.05). Therefore, T.asperellum ACCC30536 conidia treatment can significantly affect the physical and chemical properties and the nutrient components of soil.

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