Abstract:In order to reveal the role of abscisic acid (ABA) in the interaction between Rice stripe virus (RSV) and rice, an observation had been made on the callose deposition in leaves of resistant rice variety KT95-418 and susceptible rice variety Wuyujing No.3 under RSV stress via freehand sectioning and aniline blue staining. Results showed that callose fluorescences in leaves of Wuyujing No.3 under RSV stress remained constantly compared with the uninoculated control; however, the leaves of KT95-418 under RSV stress had more callose staining, including large vascular bundles and sclerenchyma cells of vascular bundle sheath, small vascular bundles, epidermal cells and mesophyll cells; and more fluorescences of callose deposition were observed in resistant variety than susceptible variety. It was considered that callose deposition and resistance was positively related, and ABA involved in the interaction of RSV and rice.