Abstract:Its various physical environments and long geologic history made it abundant in weed species with complex floristic elements in Henan Province. For further effective control of farmland weeds, improve the production of crop yields, the investigation was conducted by field survey and date analysis. The results demonstrated that there are 701 species of farmland weeds, belonging to 343 genera and 83 families in Henan. The areal-types of the genera and the species are abundant. Based on their geographical distribution, 343 genera are classified into 15 areal-types, most belonging to the temperate distribution pattern plant (65.30%), others belonging to tropical (33.58%), excluding the world genera. That the 701 species distributed in Henan can be divided into 15 areal types. These types, pantropic, North Temperate, Old World trop, East Asiaand endemic to Chinagain upper hand, and show the character of transition conspicuous. It is harmful to farmland that showed the complex changes of spatial niche to wheat field, autumn field, paddy field, orchard and wasteland. Based on the character of weed spatial distribution, it should be improved that the strength of prevention to weeds in autumn fields and orchards, applied to agricultural production.