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作 者 ：杨宁 邹冬生 杨满元 陈璟 陈志阳 林仲桂 宋光桃

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2013年 19卷 6期 页码：1516-1524

关键词：土壤酶活性；土壤养分；土壤微生物；植被恢复；紫色土；衡阳；

Keywords:soil enzyme activity, soil nutrient, soil microbe, re-vegetation, purple soil, Hengyang,

摘 要 ：本文以典型的衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地不同植被恢复阶段为研究对象，采用空间代替时间序列方法，选用立地条件基本相似的草坡阶段（Grassplot,  GT）、 灌草阶段（Frutex and grassplot，FG）、 灌丛阶段（Frutex,  FX）和乔灌阶段（Arbor and frutex,  AF），通过调查取样和实验分析，对不同植被恢复阶段的土壤酶、 养分与微生物及其相关性进行了研究。结果表明， 1）随着恢复阶段的演替，脲酶、 多酚氧化酶、 蔗糖酶与过氧化氢酶的活性显著增加，在每个恢复阶段，脲酶、 多酚氧化酶、 蔗糖酶与过氧化氢酶活性随着土层的加深而逐渐减弱，脲酶与多酚氧化酶、 蔗糖酶与过氧化氢酶活性呈显著正相关关系，蔗糖酶与脲酶和多酚氧化酶呈极显著正相关。 2）随着恢复阶段的演替，土壤养分的时空变化与土壤酶活性的变化趋势基本一致，土壤有机碳、 全氮与碱解氮含量呈上升趋势，土壤pH随植被恢复和演替而降低，随土壤深度的增加而上升，与土壤酶活性的变化趋势相反；脲酶与有机碳、 全氮、 碱解氮呈极显著正相关，与pH呈显著负相关，多酚氧化酶与有机碳、 碱解氮呈极显著正相关，与全氮、 速效磷、 速效钾呈显著正相关，与pH呈显著负相关，蔗糖酶活性与有机碳、 全氮、 碱解氮、 速效磷、 速效钾呈显著正相关。 3）不同恢复阶段土壤细菌数量最多，真菌数量和放线菌数量与细菌数量的变化趋势各不相同；细菌平均数量为AF＞FX＞FG＞GT，真菌数量为 FG＞GT＞FX＞AF，放线菌数量为 GT＞FX＞FG＞AF。4）主成分分析揭示脲酶与多酚氧化酶可作为衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地土壤质量评价的指标。研究结果将丰富该地区植物生态学与恢复生态学的内容，为衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地生态系统的恢复与重建提供了重要依据。

Abstract:By using the spatial series to replace time series,  four typical sampling plots,  grassplot(GT),  frutex and grassplot(FG),  frutex(FX),  and arbor and frutex(AF),  were selected to explore the relationships among the soil enzyme activities,  nutrients and microbes. The four communities on slopingland with purple soils were similar and typical,  and denoted four different successive stages in Hengyang of Hunan Province,  Southcentral China. The results showed that   the activities of soil URE(Urease),  PPO(Polyphenol oxidase),  INV(Invertase) and CAT(Catalase) are significantly increased from GT to AF,  and these activities are decreased with the increase of soil layer depth in every re-vegetation stages. The URE activity is significantly and positively correlated with the PPO,  INV and CAT activities,  and the INV activity is very,  significantly and positively correlated with the URE and PPO activities. The soil nutrients contents such as SOC(Soil organic C),  TN(Total N) and AN(Available N) are increased with the succession of re-vegetation,  while soil pH values are decreased. The URE activity is very,  significantly and positively correlated with the SOC,  TN and AN contents and is significantly and negatively correlated with soil pH. The PPO activity is very,  significantly and positively correlated with the SOC and AN contents,  is significantly and positively correlated with the TN,  AP(Available P) and AK(Available K) contents,  and is significantly and negatively correlated with soil pH value. The INV activity is significantly and positively correlated with the SOC,  TN,  AN,  AP and AK contents. The numbers of bacteria are the highest in the four revegetation stages,  with revegetation succession process,  the average number of bacteria is in the following order:   AF＞FX＞FG＞GT(P<0.05),  the order for average fungi count is:   FG＞GT＞FX＞AF(P<0.05),  and for the actinomycetes is:   GT＞FX＞FG＞AF(P<0.05). Principal component analysis shows that the URE and PPO can be regarded as indexes to assess soil quality in slopingland with purple soils in Hengyang. This study,  to some degree,  enriches and broadens the vegetation ecology and restoration ecology of this area and provides important theoretical basis for ecosystem restoration and reconstruction in slopingland with purple soils in Hengyang of Hunan Province,  Southcentral China.

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