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作 者 ：李学刚, 宋宪亮, 孙学振, 陈二影, 张美玲, 赵庆龙, 刘峰

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 3期 页码：656-662

关键词：棉花；控释氮肥；光合特性；产量；

Keywords:cotton, controlled release nitrogen fertilizer, photosynthetic characteristics, yield,

摘 要 ：以鲁棉研28号为材料，设计100%树脂包膜尿素基施、50%普通尿素+50%树脂包膜尿素基施和棉花控释专用肥基施3种控释氮肥处理，研究了等氮条件下，不同控释氮肥处理对棉花光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明，与生产对照（CK₂）相比，100%树脂包膜尿素处理和棉花控释专用肥处理提高了植株上部叶片叶龄45和60 d的叶绿素含量、 PSⅡ的活性（Fv/Fo）、光化学最大效率（Fv/Fm）、实际光化学效率（ΦPSⅡ）和光化学猝灭系数（qP），从而使叶片保持了较高的净光合速率； 单株结铃数分别增加了0.77和0.84个，子棉产量分别增加6.2%和5.0%，皮棉产量分别提高6.4%和4.3%，分别达极显著和显著差异。而50%普通尿素和50%树脂包膜尿素处理与生产对照CK₂差异较小。

Abstract:The objective of this research was to study photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton under urea and controlled release urea fertilization. Lumianyan No.28 was grown under field conditions with three types of controlled release nitrogen fertilization, 100% PCU (pitch controlled urea), 50% PU (plain urea)+50% PCU (pitch controlled urea) and 100% CRBBF (controlled release bulk blending fertilizer). The results show that, compared with the CK₂, the content of chlorophyll and the PSⅡ (Fv/Fo) activity, maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and actual quantum efficiency (ФPSⅡ) at the leaf ages of 45 and 60 days are all increased under the 100% PCU and CRBBF treatments, and thus photosynthetic rate (Pn) of cotton leaf is increased. Compared with the CK₂, the increased bolls per plant under the 100% PCU and CRBBF treatments are 0.77 and 0.84, and the seed cotton yields are increased by 6.2% and 5.0%, lint cotton yields are increased by 6.4% and 4.3% under the 100% PCU and CRBBF treatments. However, there are not obvious differences of photosynthetic characteristics and yield between the 50% PU + 50% PCU treatment and the CK₂.

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