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作 者 ：王秀斌 徐新朋 孙刚 孙静文 梁国庆 刘光荣 周卫

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2013年 19卷 6期 页码：1279-1286

关键词：高；中；低产田；双季稻；产量；氮肥施用量；氮肥利用率；

Keywords:High-, middle-, and low-yield paddy fields, double cropping rice, yield, nitrogen fertilizer application rate, nitrogen use efficiency,

摘 要 ：试验采用田间小区试验，设置7个氮肥用量(N 0、 60、 120、 180、 240、 300和360 kg/hm²)，研究了江西省高产田、 中产田和低产田双季稻最佳施氮量，以及不同施氮水平对水稻产量、 氮肥贡献率、 土壤氮素依存率和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明，低产田、 中产田和高产田分别在施氮量为120、 180和240 kg/hm²处理取得高产； 氮肥贡献率在低产田和中产田上大于高产田，且分别在施氮处理为N 120、 180和240 kg/hm²达到最大；土壤氮素依存率为高产田>中产田>低产田，且在一定范围内随着施氮量的增加，土壤氮素依存率逐渐降低； 氮肥吸收利用率为低产田>中产田>高产田，氮肥农学效率、 氮肥生理利用率和氮肥偏生产力低、 中、 高产田间差异不大。高、 中、 低产田氮肥农学利用率、 氮肥吸收利用率和氮肥偏生产力随氮肥用量增加而降低，而氮肥生理利用率各施氮处理间变化不大。综合产量和氮肥利用率得出，低产田、 中产田和高产田双季稻适宜施氮量分别为N 120、 180和240 kg/hm²。

Abstract:Field trials with seven treatments of N application rates(N 0,  60,  120,  180,  240,  300 and 360 kg/ha) were set up to determine the optimum N application rate,  and to identify the responses of N fertilization contribution rate,  soil N dependent rate and N use efficiency to different N application rates in paddy fields with different yield levels(high,  middle and low). The results show that the low-,  middle-,  and high- yield paddy fields have the highest grain yields under the application rates of N 120,  180 and 240 kg/ha,  respectively. The nitrogen fertilization contribution rates(NCR) in the low- and middle- yield fields are larger than that in the high-yield field,  and the highest NCRs are acquired in the treatments of N 120,  180 and 240 kg/ha for the three fields separately. Soil nitrogen dependent rates(SNPR) are in the order:   high-yield field > middle-yield field > low-yield field,  and the SNPR is decreased with the increase of N application rates to some extent. The trend of nitrogen recovery efficiency(NRE) is low-yield field > middle-yield field > high-yield field,  whereas no distinct differences exist for nitrogen agronomic efficiency(NAE),  nitrogen physiological efficiency(NPE) and nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN) among high,  middle-,  and low-yield paddy fields. All NAE,  NRE and PFPN in high-,  middle-,  and low-yield paddy fields are decreased with the increase of N application rates,  while NPE remains relatively stable among different fertilization treatments. The optimum N application rates for double cropping rice in low-,  middle- and high- yield fields are N 120,  180 and 240 kg/ha,  respectively.

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