作 者 ：于妮娜 谭秋平 谭钺 张海森 高东升
期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2012年 18卷 2期 页码：491-498
Keywords:UV-B radiation, peach, 15N urea, absorption, utilization, distribution,
摘 要 ：研究外源UV-B辐射对设施桃二年生结果枝对15N尿素吸收、利用和分配特性的影响。以6年生设施栽培“春捷”毛桃（Prunus persica cv.Chunjie）为试材，设对照和补充UV-B辐射的低、中、高剂量的4个处理，在果实发育不同时期饲喂15N标记的尿素，采样进行测定并计算。UV-B辐射可以提高各器官的Ndff，但是不同强度UV-B在不同物候期中提高效果不同。果实膨大期，除二年生枝是在低剂量处理下Ndff值最高之外，其他各器官都是在中、高剂量处理下Ndff值最高；硬核期，营养器官在中或者高剂量处理下Ndff较高，果肉和果核则是在低剂量处理下效果最明显；而果实着色期各器官均是在中剂量UV-B处理下Ndff值最高。UV-B提高结果枝对15N的利用率高。果实膨大期，高剂量处理提高效果最明显，利用率达到50.28%，与对照形成极显著性差异；硬核期和果实着色期15N的利用率则是在中剂量处理下达到最高，与对照相比分别比对照提高了83.99%和105.56%，形成极显著性差异。不同物候期15N在各器官的分配率受UV-B影响差异显著。果实膨大期和着色期，叶片中15N分配率在对照处理下达到最高，分别为13.44%和8.97%，UV-B处理促进15N向其他器官的分配；硬核期，中、高剂量UV-B处理促进15N在叶片中的分配，低剂量处理降低15N在叶片中的分配率，差异均不显著。UV-B增强条件下，不同物候期，各器官对15N的吸收、利用及分配特性受其对UV-B的敏感性调控。
Abstract:This study was conducted to determine the effects of UV-B radiation on 15N absorption, utilization and as well as distribution in 2 year-fruiting shoot of peach under protected culture. The zero (control), low, moderate and high intensities of UV-B radiation were conducted on six-year-old greenhouse-grown ‘chunjie’ peaches (Prunus persica cv. Chunjie). Leaves were fed with 15N-labeled urea at the various stages of fruit development. Subsequently, leaves, fruits and branches were respectively harvested for the determination. The Ndff levels of the sampled organs are increased under the UV-B irradiation, and are distinctively influenced at various phonological phases. At the fruit-swelling stage, the highest Ndff levels of most organs are detectable under either the moderate and high intensity of UV-B radiation condition, except for those of biennial branches under the low intensity of UV-B radiation. At the core-hardening stage, the highest Ndff levels in vegetative organs are examined under either moderate or high intensity of UV-B radiation condition, and yet the low intensity of UV-B radiation condition is responsible for those in both flesh and stone. At the fruit-coloring stage, the moderate intensity of UV-B radiation condition turns out to contribute to the highest Ndff levels in organs determined. It indicates that the UV-B radiation raise 15N utilization efficiency notably by bearing branches. At the fruit-swelling stage, the high intensity of UV-B radiation condition exerts significantly distinct consequences on 15N distribution to the tested organs. At fruit-swelling stage, higher intensive UV-B radiation significantly raised the utilization efficiency of 15N (50.28%), while at stages of core-hardening and fruit-coloring, the utilization efficiencies of 15N peaked under moderate intensity of UV-B radiation condition, with significant increase by 83.99% and 105.56% compared to control, respectively. At the fruit-swelling and fruit-coloring stages, 15N is mostly distributed to control leaves (13.44% and 8.97%, respectively), while the 15N distributions to other organs are promoted by the UV-B radiation. At the core-hardening stage, both moderate and high intensity of UV-B radiation condition favor the 15N distribution to leaves, while low intensity of UV-B radiation is beneficial for 15N accumulation in other organs. Taken together, at various phonological phases, the characteristics of 15N absorption, utilization and distribution of the tested organs seem dependent upon their sensibilities to the UV-B radiation.
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