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作 者 ：刘义新;江玉平;于黎莎;张明农;王大爱

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 1998年 4卷 3期 页码：294-298

关键词：聚乙烯醇；香料烟；土壤结构；

摘 要 ：盆栽和田间试验结果表明，聚乙烯醇（PVA）对香料烟生长具有一定的生理效应，使叶绿素、水溶性糖含量增加，NR酶活性、光合效率及烟株根系活力增强。PVA能增加烟株株高和节距，促进烟株早发和提早成熟;增产作用虽未达到显著水准，但对香料烟中上等烟率、均价、产值有明显效果。PVA使晾制后香料烟叶内全钾含量、还原糖量、醚提取物量增加，而烟碱含量减少。用扫描电镜和显微光密度仪观察PVA对土壤结构的影响发现，施用PVA后土壤微结构中出现明显的微团聚体，激团聚体内及体间有较多的孔隙;90％以上颗粒粒径在9～15μm之间。未施PVA的土壤，90％以上颗粒粒径在4～10μm之间，单粒平均直径比处理土壤的小4～5μm，少有微团，孔隙较小，因而紧实。PVA不仅促进了烟株体内代谢和其生长发育，而且改良了土壤结构，良化了作物生长环境。

Abstract:Pot and field experiments were conducted to study the influence of application of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) on the yield and quality and some physiological indexes of oriental tobacco. The results showed that application of PVA the plant height, intercalary distance, and the chlorophll and souble sugar contents were increased in fresh leaves of tobacco, and the photosynthetic rate. nitrate reductase activity and root activity of tobacco were enhanced. PVA could promote earlier growth and mature of tobacco leaf, and improve the rate of middle-high quality leaf,mean price and value of product, but the yield of tobacco leaves was not significantly different as comparied with CK- Meanwhile. the total potassium content increased and sugar pertroleum ether extract and nicotine reduced in the air-dry leaves. In addition, the micro-structure and particle diameter of soil applied PVA were observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and micro-optical-density-meter (MODM) indlcating, more micro-aggregates and micropore were found. The particle slze over of 90% was in 9～15 μm and only in 4～10 μm without PVA treatment.These results indicated, application of PVA can improve the soil structure and crop growing environment. promote growth and enhance quiality of oriental tobacco.

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