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作 者 ：杨雯玉1;3;贺明荣1;王远军2;王晓英1;张宾1;吴翠平1

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2005年 11卷 5期 页码：627-633

关键词：控释尿素；冬小麦；硝态氮积累量；氮素利用率；

Keywords:release-controlled urea, winter wheat, NO3--N accumulation, nitrogen utilization efficiency,

摘 要 ：在高肥力麦田中,随着氮肥施用量的不断增加,氮肥利用率下降,单位氮肥的增产量递减。氮素养分的损失不仅造成肥料的浪费,而且给环境带来潜在的威胁。为了提高氮肥的增产效益及氮肥利用率,减少氮肥对环境的污染,采用田间小区试验,研究了控释尿素和普通尿素配施对冬小麦产量、蛋白质含量、氮肥利用率及土壤硝态氮积累量的影响。结果表明,控释尿素与普通尿素配施与普通尿素单施相比,无论是相同施氮量还是减少30%的施氮量,冬小麦子粒产量都极显著增加,而且子粒蛋白质含量明显提高或不降低;同时提高了氮肥利用率,降低了土壤中硝态氮的积累量。

Abstract:In rich fields, with the rising of application rate of nitrogen fertilizer, both the utilization efficiency and unit production rate of nitrogen fertilizer declined. The loss of N not only waste the fertilizer but also bring about a high potential risk of environmental pollution. Aiming to increase the crop production and N utilization, a field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of combination application of conventional urea with controlled-release urea on grain yield, grain protein content, nitrogen utilization efficiency of winter wheat and accumulation of NO₃^--N in soil. The results showed that combination applications of conventional urea with controlled-release urea, no matter was the N rate equivalent to or 30% less than that of single conventional N, could increase grain yield significantly and raised grain protein content markedly or maintain same in comparison with single application of conventional urea. Meanwhile, nitrogen utilization efficiency was improved and accumulation of NO₃^--N in soil was reduced markedly.

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