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作 者 ：刘恩科1;赵秉强1;胡昌浩2;李秀英1;李燕婷1

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2007年 13卷 5期 页码：789-794

关键词：无机肥料；玉米产量；土壤肥力；长期施肥；

Keywords:inorganic fertilizers, maize yield, soil fertility, long-term fertilization,

摘 要 ：以1990年建立的国家褐潮土土壤肥力与肥料效益长期监测基地(北京昌平站)的长期肥料定位试验为研究平台,研究了不同施肥制度对玉米产量和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,长期均衡地施NPK肥或NPK与有机肥配施,可以显著提高玉米产量和土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾等肥力指标,并能提高土壤微量元素的含量;而不均衡施肥(N、NK、NP、PK)导致相应的营养元素的耗竭。相关分析表明,在褐潮土上增施磷肥和有机肥对提高玉米产量具有重要的作用。

Abstract:A study on crop yield and soil fertility with different fertilization systems were carried out based on a 13-year fertilizer experiment in Drab Fluvoaquic soil in Beijing.At this site,13 different treatments were established in 1990.Seven treatments were chosen for this study: CK(no fertilizer application),N,NK,NP,PK,NPK and NPKM(NPK with farm yard manure).The amount of chemical fertilizer per year was N 150 kg/ha,P₂O₅ 75 kg/ha,K2O 45 kg/ha and manure 22.5 t/ha.The results indicted that crop yields of NPK and NPKM treatments were greater than other treatments.Soil organic matter,total N and P,available N,P and K and microelement contents were increased in NPK and NPKM treatments.On the contrary,total N and P were exhausted in the treatments without N and P fertilizers.Available P and K had the same variation trend in the treatments without P and K fertilizers.The phosphorus fertilizer and farmyard manure had the best effects on maize yield in Drab Fluvo-aquic soil.

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