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作 者 ：王殿武;文宏达;褚达华

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 1999年 5卷 3期 页码：227-234

关键词：水肥耦合；栗钙土；莜麦；水分利用效率；肥料利用率；

Keywords:Water fertilizer coupling, Chestnut soil, Naked oat, Water use efficiency, Fertilizer use efficeincy,

摘 要 ：高寒半干旱栗钙土农田水肥耦合效应明显。供水量为250～450mm 条件下，氮磷合理配施改善了地上部生物学性状，促进了地下部根系发育；供水350mmN₁₂₀P₉₀处理0～40mm 根重密度最高，达1.317mg/cm³ ， P₄₅较N₆₀根重密度增加0.067～0.375mg/cm³。供水为150mm的干旱年型，水分是限制作物生产的主导因素，而供水250～450mm年型主导因素则是土壤营养不足。供水量350mm N₁₂₀P₉₀处理作物水分利用效率最高，可达7.27kg/(mm·hm²)， N₆₀P₉₀氮肥利用率最高，子粒和植株分别为48.18%和88.17%，N₁₂₀P₄₅磷肥利用率最高，子粒和植株分别为21.13%和30.42%。水肥合理耦合有效地提高了作物产量和水肥利用率。

Abstract:The effect of field water fertilizer coupling was very significance in chestnut soil in semi arid region with cold and high elevation. Under amounts of water supply 250～450mm, the concerted use of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer could improve biological characteristics of aerial part, and promote root system development of subsurface part. The treatment of water supply 350mm and N₁₂₀P₉₀ had the highest density of root weight which was 1.317mg/cm³, and under water supply 250～450mm the density of root weight increased 0.067～0.375mg/cm³ using P₄₅ than that N₆₀. Water was the main factor limited crop productivity in dry year of water supply 150mm. In other years of water supply 250～450mm the deficient nutrition was the main limiting factor. The treatment of water supply 350mm and N₁₂₀P₉₀ had the highest water use efficiency which was 7.27kg/(mm·hm²), N₆₀P₉₀ had the highest nitrogen use efficiency which were 48.18 and 88.17 percent seperately in grain and plant of naked oat, the highest phosphate use efficiency was in N₁₂₀P₄₅ which were 21.13 and 30.42 percent seperately in grain and plant. So rational water fertilizer coupling could raised effectively the yield and water and fertilizer use efficiency.

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