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作 者 ：张文静，周桃华,黄楠楠,陈小会,尹碧莉,何娇阳

期 刊 ：西北植物学报 2013年 7期 页码：1435~1441

关键词：棉花；去果枝；早衰特征；铃重；

Keywords:cotton, removal of fruiting branch, premature senescence character, boll weight,

摘 要 ：以9个不同基因型棉花（Gossypium L.）为材料，通过去除基部2个果枝调节源库比例，研究在生殖生长初期调节源库比例对不同基因型棉花部分早衰特征的影响。结果显示：（1）在生殖生长初期调节源库比例对供试9个棉花品种的冠层底部光合有效辐射（TPAR）、叶面积系数（LAI）、不同结铃期所结棉铃对位果枝叶SPAD值变化率、棉铃脱落率、红茎比率及单铃重均有较大的影响，处理间差异达到显著（P＜0.05）或极显著（P＜0.01）水平，且随着生育进程的推进，去除基部果枝对延缓早衰的作用更为显著。（2）对于不同基因型棉花，改变生殖生长初期源库比例延缓早衰的效应存在一定差异，去除基部果枝对于‘冀杂999’、‘国抗34’和‘荃银2号’3个品种早衰现象的延缓效应最好，而‘川杂棉33’居中，‘鲁HB标杂-1’等5个品种延缓效应较差。研究表明，在生殖生长初期去除基部果枝对棉花早衰有延缓作用，其效应大小在棉花基因型间存在差异。

Abstract:Selected nine cotton cultivars of different genotypes as experimental materials,the effect of regulating of source-sink ratio on some premature senescence characters were studied by removing basal two fruiting branches.The results showed that:(1)Regulating of source-sink ratio at early reproductive growth stage had great influence on transmitted photo-synthetically active radiation (TPAR),LAI,variation rate of SPAD in the leaf subtending seasonal boll,fruit abscission rate,red stem rate and single boll weight.The differences between control and treatment were significant (P＜0.05) or very significant (P＜0.01).The strength of delaying senescence was increasing with the growing process by removal of early fruiting branches.(2)The effect of delaying senescence was difference among different cotton genotypes by regulating of source-sink ratio at early reproductive growth stage.Clustering analysis indicated that the effects of retarding senescence on three cotton cultivars (Jiza-999,GK-34,QY-2) were the best,effects on five cotton cultivars (LuHBbiaoza-1 for example) were weak and effect on Chuanzamian-3 was intervenient.The above results suggested that cotton premature senescence could be delayed by removing basal fruiting branches at early reproductive growth stage,while the performance of retarding effect was inconsistent among different cotton genotype.

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