作 者 ：牟新涛,李永,李强军,郭民伟,朴春根

期 刊 ：林业科学研究 2010年 23卷 5期 页码：762-769

关键词：微生物；马尾松林；区系分析；优势种群；

Keywords:microbial, Pinus massoniana forest, flora analysis, dominant populations,

摘 要 ：为探讨马尾松不同类型林地地上部微生物区系及优势种群及其季节性变化,对三峡库区云阳县马尾松近熟龄天然林、中龄天然林和人工林林地空气、叶面和树皮表面等地上部的可培养细菌和真菌进行了分析。结果表明,空气、叶面和树皮表面的真菌、细菌两大类微生物数量四季变化趋势基本一致,夏季和秋季的数量多于冬季和春季,中龄天然林的两大类微生物数量最大且四季变化亦最大;优势种群的种类和数量随季节和林地类型不同而有所变化。人工林空气中可培养真菌种类秋、冬、春、夏分别有4、3、4、3种,近熟龄天然林和中龄天然林四季中均为3种;优势种群多

Abstract:To explore the microbial flora and its seasonal variation on different types of Pinus massoniana stand, the cultivable bacteria and fungi in the forest air and on the leaf and bark surface of near-matured forest, middle-aged forest and plantation in Yunyang County of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were analyzed. The results showed that in the aboveground of the three types of pine forest,the microorganisms were consistent with the seasons, the quantities of microorganism in summer and autumn were higher than in winter and spring, the quantities of microorganism in middle-aged natural forest were the largest and the seasonal change was also the largest; the quantity and species of dominant population varied with the seasons and forest types. The fungal species in the air of plantation were 4,3,4,3 respectively in autumn, winter, spring and summer season, while, in near-matured forest and middle-aged forest, the fungal species were 3. The dominant species diversity in plantation was higher than that in near-matured forest and middle-aged forest. The bacterial dominant species on leaf surface in near-matured forest and middle-aged forest were Pseudomonas veronii and Serratia marcescens and in plantation was Enterobacter sp. The fungi species of dominant population on the leaf surface in the middle-aged natural forest and plantation were the same in four seasons, which including Aspergillus versicolor, Pestalotiopsis neglecta and Aspergillus nomius. However, they were Aspergillus versicolor, Pestalotiopsis neglecta and Aspergillus sydowii in the near-matured forest. The dominant bacteria population on the bark surface in near-matured forest was Pseudomonas sp., which took the highest percentage in the dominant species among the three types of forest lands and were 69.05%, 65.58%, 57.08% and 80.57% respectively in autumn, winter, spring and summer. The dominant bacteria species in the middle-aged natural forest was Bacillus subtilis and in plantation was Neisseria sp. The dominant fungi species on the bark surface in near-matured forest were Penicillium waksmanii and Pestalotiopsis neglecta, and in plantation were Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp., but in middle-aged forest, there was only one species of Mucorales, its quantity percentage in autumn, winter, spring and summer were 63.38%, 65.76%, 51.23% and 84%, respectively, which was significantly higher than those in the other two types of forest.