免费文献传递   相关文献

Litter and the Nutrient Storage of Different Species Arrangement Patterns in Protective Greenbelt in Karamay, Xinjiang

克拉玛依不同配置模式防护绿地凋落物现存量及养分贮量


以克拉玛依市区北郊防护绿地为研究对象,对14种不同配置类型地表凋落物进行收集、取样和化学分析。结果表明: 凋落物现存量117.34~719.36 g ·m-2,乔灌行间混交方式最高,显著大于其他配置方式(P<0.05); 凋落物各亚层贮量表现为未分解层> 半分解层> 完全分解层; 地表凋落物组成以叶为主,占97.0%~53.8%,枝(皮)与其他组分因植物配置模式不同差异较大,花(果)所占比例最低; 不同配置类型地表凋落物的养分含量、贮量均变异较大,以配置紫穗槐的乔灌行间混交类型地表凋落物各养分含量和贮量较高; 地表凋落物中有机C含量最高,全Ca含量次之,全P含量最低,其他养分含量均较低; 养分主要贮存在未分解层和半分解层,完全分解层极少。

Litter on forest floor was collected and sampled in 14 different patterns of planting arrangement in the protective greenbelt in northern Karamay, China. Vertical distribution of the litter in the forest floor was investigated and the dry mass and chemical composition of litter were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the litter dry weight on the forest floor varied from about 117.34 -719.36 g ·m-2. The planting pattern with trees and shrubs mixed by rows had significantly (P<0.05) greater dry weight than other patterns. The litter pools in the different sampling layers of the forest floor displayed in an order of the litter layer > fermentation layer > humus layer. Leaf litter was the main component, accounting for 97.0%-53.8% of the litter mass. Branch (bark) contents varied among the different arrangement patterns, and flowers (fruits) accounted for the smallest proportion of the forest floor litter. Nutrient contents and storage on the forest floor differed greatly among the arrangement patterns, and they were higher in the pattern with both trees and shrubs (Amorpha fruticosa) mixed by rows. The content of organic C was the highest, the total Ca was the second, the total P the lowest and the other nutrients also lower. The nutrients storage was mainly in the litter layer and the fermentation layer.


全 文 :!!"
" !
!
#
# $ % %
$
!
%
& ( )
&()*+(, &(-.,) &(*(,)
./01!"!*/1!
,234!# $ % %
ÕÖ×3-.ØÚ^_Ù&Úê#$€
¤¥‘ÖŒqۑ
!
5
5
6
%!#
5
789
%!6
5
:;<
!
5
=>?
%
5
&@A
!
5
BCD
!
"%1
\X()FÈÜMNyê‚lmþ
5
ÝÞÉß
>6$$%%$ #1
\X&()lmF•–&*+\]
5
àÇ
86#7$$$
61
\X()FáÞâEã"€ä
5
áÞâ
>6>$$>$ !1
ÕÖ×3Nä&åä&(lþ
5
ÕÖ×3
>6!$$$#
!
5
"
!5
6ÕÖ×39NgæÙ&Úê¥lm7Ê
!
7
%!
†-.Øڊ¤ê‰#$€{¼¦d
%
Š¬n•)q
z
&
‡ˆ‰_

#$€¤¥‘
%%"16! b"%9167 F,<
?#
!
ç輎~5†_Qý
!
žEŸ¢£Øچ_
"!;
$1$8#$
#$€›V¨Û‘‰¤¥gq%¨
=
ˆq%¨
=
¹7q%¨
$
ê‰#$€`Þ6F¥£
!
È
9"1$_ b
861>_!
é
"
u
#
y¢£`q?"€ØÚ^_-.*+üE
!
Q
"
ˆ
#
þÈÊËQž
$
-.Øڊ¤ê‰#$€?Œ
q—‘
%
ۑ8+üE
!
6ØÚ¦{ê?ç輎~5Š¤ê‰#$€›Œq—‘nۑüý
$
ê‰#$€\<
=

—‘Qý
!
7
G
—‘î9
!
7
g
—‘Qž
!
¢£Œq—‘üž
$
Œq£ãÛ¥¡gq%¨nˆq%¨
!
¹7
q%¨H5
&
#$%
5
Ù&Úê
$
#$€¤¥‘
$
Œqۑ
$
ÕÖ×3
&()*
! &"%>188555
+,-./
!,555
+01*
!%$$% ?"!>>"#$%%#$! ?$$%6 ?$"
¦§¨#
#$%$ ?$6 ?$9$
©ª¨#
#$%% ?$6 ?$%&
«¬­®

ÕÖ×39(µ­®
" &X#$$" ?$%# &
!ë&Õ¥ÄÅÆÇ
&
?(%%#,-)0%>#N=%,(#)%1%&,-5#&"9(""#,#)%1<#$(#./,,-)5#;#)%
O-%%#,).()O,&%#$%(3#+,##)7#2%()B-,-;-@! P()Q(-)5
APDEF-N
%!#
5MJE -JE]D
%!6
5cN KJNoJE
!
5kJGEFCDEFoJEF
%
5-JMGEP/EF
!
5mJN ZDEFOPDEF
!
"%1D.2J.12, ?2(.(0(&:$%;*$+$,)12C K&$,%16$$%%$
#1;H<&%.A&2(1+@&2(%&$:I%$<.*1+#$%&(%)! @3#5!.2,H.12, 86#7$$$
61I0%<12 ;%&A$6>$$>$
!1?2(.(0(&:$%812C*1<&3%*/.(&*(0%&$:E0%&10 $:!1%O! 71%1A1)R.(%.*(571%1A1)>6!$$$#
/7.%,-$%5-JHD3/E T/3DQHT0//3LGQO/0DOHDR GER QG<20DR JE %! RJTD3DEH2GHD3EQ/T20GEHJEFG33GEFD23/HDOHJUDF3DDEVD0HJE E/3HPD3E XG3GHPDR3S/E HPDT/3DQHT0//3UG3JDR T3/?#
4+PD20GEHJEF2GHD3E LJHP H3DDQGER QP3NVQPGR QJFEJTJOGEH0S"!;$1$8# F3DGHD3R3SLDJFPHHPGE /HPD32GHD3EQ4+PD0JHD32//0QJE HPDRJTD3DEHQG<20JEF0GSD3Q/THPD
T/3DQHT0//3RJQ20GSDR JE GE /3RD3/THPD0JHD30GSD3= TD3O/<2/EDEH! GOO/NEHJEFT/39"1$_ ?861>_ /THPD0JHD3G33GEFDGER QH/3GFD/E HPDT/3DQHT0//3RJTD3DR F3DGH0SGV/HP H3DDQGER QP3NVQ"3A$%QDO/ER! HPDH/HG0gHPD0/LDQHGER HPD/HPD3ENH3JDEHQG0Q/0/LD34+PDENH3JDEHQQH/3GFDLGQHPDTD3B#@ C&,0.523/HDOHJUDF3DDEVD0H$ 0JHD3QHGERJEFO3/2$ ENH3JDEHQH/3GFD$ XG3G55
ê‰#$€ùß&MNàá?Rã`Þºq
!
ù
ß&MNàá?£ãŒq«
" &O/H&(1+4! %99"$
YDGQ/E &(1+4! #$$!#!
¢q%“•ùß&MNàáQ¥/ì?MNÒP9³
"&GSD3! #$$7$ MGEF&(1+4!
#$$"#&
ê‰#$€û<%Œ`Ý
"
½íîç
! #$$6$
ïðç
! #$$8#%
ˆ^Œq
"
ßeñç
! #$$!#%
I{8
& ( )
!"
"
5
9M€:=
"
òaóç
! #$$"#%
G&ß&89
"
µx
ôç
! %99$#%
®8&êtõf;
%
·2¨/*
%
÷ý
89—0
%
@A"€_$`Þçòþ
"ZD0H\JE &(1+4!
#$$8$
öd–ç
! #$$!#!
¡8&"€_$hw;n5
H;;†åƒû"BGNT3DQED&(1+4! #$$%$
N÷ø
! #$$%$
µùJç
! #$$6#&
XÔýlm+!
Ð6ú?OÆ[û7•–
%
V•–n
?/–ß&
"i3DDELGS! %99!$
µ!>ç
! %99>$
ß
eñç
! #$$!$
òaóç
! #$$"#!
™üβNO
&¡Y†å?lm
!
ý¢ùÚW<9Ù&&1#$
€¤¥‘ÖŒqۑ?lm®ù5F
&
£ý
!
Ì<
)ÇÊüZ-.&þ
"
ÿ!”ç
! #$$"#%
-.(
€Ó
"
òaóç
! #$$"#%
™±&yO&
"
¯³N
ç
! #$$!#
&1Óé$F¨?>«ÖŒq«
!
Ð7Ÿ
-."€Øڊ¤1?#$€Û‘Ö•);ú?l
mgF³"
&
ÕÖ×39ù6#ã¥E$%?fgÔ@β
NZ¤ÚW<9
!
؞MNí,+&
!
P`5
!
ö
(>(
!
E)*
%
Ε›ç°±+,`O
&
[$!
!
¡
<9‚MN&Vj!
X9-ðZE‘?¿¬n
F
& #$$6
$¡<9gŸVÞZE¤<9Ù&Úêj
à
!
¥~%<9°±+,
%
®$<9‚í,(.Z
/Eòþ
&
Ð3Ÿjêº0?°±í,±Ö-
‚?l&†_
!
Ù&Úêhw;n5H;;ö÷HE
01
&
&lmqzÕÖ×39Ný1Ù&Úê-.
Øڊ¤#$€Û‘nŒq—‘
!
6#}~βN
O&ê‰#$€Ÿ‘Öú‘fgÖ¢y_$`Þn
‡Y?/à
!
<ÀŸr_βNO&Œq?°ìí
ÒPÖ¢=‚
!
¥OÙ&&&ÉØÚÖÙ&Úê*
°±l&nhw;lm÷ˆ()3ÿ
&
%5
lmN4
ÕÖ×3<9Ù&ÚêWŸ9Ngæ
"!8 6`7a
66p*!8 6`"a!"p*!>! 8`$a$%p*>! 8`#a%%p)#!
êÜ
234êfgŸ™:ËG56
!
’“
#>$ b6$$ <&
lmNû!
7šQý
œ/
!! :!
YšQžœ/
?6819 :!
$Cœ/
>
:&
$  P ` ‘
%$%1" <$ ä ¡ ö ( ‘ ¥
6 8!81# <<&
$E›¨Ÿ¥
"7
™
"
#
>
͛
#!
¢
9
Í6K›?¨Ÿ¥
%!
™
!
£›sfg
&
89¥
V8§#ã8
!
Û_¨î
!
Eú«ú
"
9:
!
4:
;:
#!
Ž<<=n>=
!"
—‘¥
8_ b6$_!
[
Ç5=
8$_
6K
!
wx
$18 b%18 O<#&
89<=ú
—‘ž
!
?@™A5B
!2c
ª
"18 b>18 "
C¡ç
!
#$$>#&
ÕÖ×3<9Ù&Úê†"Ÿ
#$$#
$ޏ
#$$6

&
&–UgD
"$$ qfI
! $$$ å
G
#7! P<
#
&
UgsÑ=
8$ qfsÑ=
!$$ <
©V&NX“"¡
!
3X“"¡EÊÚêq=Þ[
âI†¯NF
!
ÑNFQâNF¥³†"€ØÚ
†_
&
ØڇY°<%¨‡Y
"
çÉ~5
#!
Ž¨‡Y
"
çè~5
#&
~5†_°<¼Ž~5
!
Ž<
–±~5n¼–~5
&
èH†_¥Iè
&
򐣋
ц<Èܯ
"!$<0+01+91 UG34<)%1A.C1+.#%

E K
" ;+1&1,20 $H)*1%<1 #%
x ¯
" !$<0+0
&0º L
" 4+A0<0A.+1 #%
• ˆ ™ M
"@%1(1&,0&1+(1.*1#%

"G1+0<0A.+1#%
EFºO
"#%1H.201A&%.*121#%
¦{ê
"3A$%n
[éPƒ
"I1A1%.H%1A$..A1#
ç
&
#5
lm†‡
DEFG
NO`abNcde
5ÿ"€Øڊ¤Ö~5†_ÄQ
%!
âZ¤

!
¬ê4F‰
%&
Ÿ
#$$>
$
8
%1¾ñ©
%
<<%
D
%$ O<
?RTuIo‚ÞåG¥
%1$ <
#
?
ꆯT‚Š¬S
!
qr¡Ñâ¬ê\è=Ċ
7
â2¬†{¼#$€¤¥‘Š¬
&
Ïgq%
"

É#$€`Þ
!
GHv<¯N
!
T§8•-_
!
ú
êUV
!
ý‰Ûq%?W²
#%
ˆq%
"
FÛ¹Tý
¨XY
!
[Ÿ#$€+/9>
!
FZtq%Þ>[
#
n¹7q%
"
+-ó\]v¯
#6
¨¦d#$€
!
q
rßð^…×&
gq%¨#$€Ï"€_Sq¥
F
%
é
"
u
#%
Q
"
ˆ
#
Ö¢£
"
`ab­
%
^acjn
-5d]?"€cjç
#&
DEDG
fgh(YbRSTU
Êþ<#$€¬¡
"$ :

!
±šÜÎú‘
&
ÏØڊ¤q¨~eΚ?#$€¬
!
èš{¼
Œq—‘iw
&
«ñRf¥g‡iw<=>—‘
!
«ñýó¥
?
h¥y•‡iw7B—‘
!
«ñ¥
’
?
ijšÊ§‡iw7A—‘
!
«ñ¥’
?
\k
t0‡iw7g—‘
!
«ñ
% ?%
c0
’lm÷
)B+,
nIw‡iw7o—‘
!
«ñ
% ?%
c0
’lm÷
)B+,
nIw‡iw7p—‘
&
¡
&g&& %61$
!p1«ñçR`%?9†*q
z‡{¼Ÿÿ‚
&
65
‡ˆyqz
HEFG
ij-.Øڊ¤&êÔ#$€¤¥‘¥
%%"16! b
!%
5!
!
# C
5
¡ç

ÕÖ×3-.ØÚ^_Ù&Úê#$€¤¥‘ÖŒqۑ
555
m
FG
NOno
!
:-7RFG1=,3#@ &".-;<2#<2&%.
!
q
g0/H*/1
"€†Š
g0GEHQ2DOJDQ
~5Š¤
YJWDR HS2D
~5†_
YJWDR ~5ÊË
YJWDR 3GHJ/
»¼½
g0GEHQ2GOJEF
rs0
GE/2SRDEQJHS
Tê†_
&JHD23D2G3GHJ/E % !@
çÉ~5
YJWDR G3V/3Q
–±~5
YJWDR JE VD0H
7e! 6 t±Tê
GUJEFQ/J0
23D2G3GHJ/E
# !,!@
çÉ~5
YJWDR G3V/3Q
–±~5
YJWDR JE VD0H
8e!e%
6 # $18
t±Tê
GUJEFQ/J0
23D2G3GHJ/E
6 B!,!@
çÉ~5
YJWDR G3V/3Q
¼–~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
GER VD0H
8e!e%
6 # $1!
t±Tê
GUJEFQ/J0
23D2G3GHJ/E
! ,!c
çè~5
,3V/3LJHP QP3NV
¼Ž~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
8e8 # •±Tê
CN33/LJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
8 )!c
çè~5
,3V/3LJHP QP3NV
¼Ž~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
!e7 #
•±Tê
CN33/LJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
7 C!c
çè~5
,3V/3LJHP QP3NV
¼Ž~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
!e7 #
•±Tê
CN33/LJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
" ,!!@!k
çÉ~5
YJWDR G3V/3Q
¼–~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
GER VD0H
7e#e%e%
6 # $17
•±Tê
CN33/LJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
> !B!,
çÉ~5
YJWDR G3V/3Q
–±~5
YJWDR JE VD0H
8e6e#
6 # $1!
•±Tê
CN33/LJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
9 @!!B!,!k
çÉ~5
YJWDR G3V/3Q
¼–~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
GER VD0H
6e#e#e#e%
6 # $17
•±Tê
CN33/LJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
%$ B!i!@!!k
çÉ~5
YJWDR G3V/3Q
¼–~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
GER VD0H
6e#e#e#e% 6 •±Tê
CN33/LJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
%% ,!B!i!k
çÉ~5
YJWDR G3V/3Q
¼Ž~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
#e#e%e6
6 # $18
•±Tê
CN33/LJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
%# ,!i!B
çÉ~5
YJWDR G3V/3Q
¼–~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
GER VD0H
8e6e#
6 # $1!
t±Tê
GUJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
%6 @!B!,!!(
çè~5
,3V/3LJHP QP3NV
¼–~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
GER VD0H
!e#e%e%e#
6 # $18
t±Tê
GUJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
%! ,!@!(
çè~5
,3V/3LJHP QP3NV
¼–~5
YJWDR JE 0JED
GER VD0H
"e%e#e
6 # $1!
t±Tê
GUJEF
Q/J023D2G3GHJ/E
55
!
,
Èܯ
!$<0+01+91 UG31<)%1A.C1+.$ @
JˆEK
;+1&1,20$H)*1%<1$

!$<0+0&0ºL
4+A0<0A.+1$ )
•ˆ™
M
@%1(1&,0&1+(1.*1$ C

G1+0<0A.+1$ i
EFºO
#%1H.201A&%.*121$ c
¦{ê
3A$%[éPƒ
I1A1%.H%1A$..A1$ k
¢£
[HPD3Q4
"%9167 F,<
?#
&
ÿ‰
#
54
!%!
â¬ê\6çè¼
Ž~5?Èܯ
d
¦{ê
%
•ˆ™M
d
¦{ênN
ˆ
d
¦{ê
"!!8
n
7
q
# 6
â¬ê#$€¤¥
‘üý
!
y¢£¬ê*+ž
"!;$1$8#&
çè¼
–~5?JˆEK
d
ºL
d
Èܯ
d

d
[éP
ƒ¬ênÈܯ
d
JˆEK
d
[éPƒ¬ê
"%6
n
%!
q
#
¤¥‘üž
!
yçÉ~5Š¤*+-
ž
&
-.Tê†_ŽÊü
!
̱•±Tê#$€¤
¥‘CªEŸt±Tê
!
Ðákqz‰_¢*+
-ž
&
-.çÉцØڎ#$€¤¥‘*+ƒ
-ž
!
‰_-.çÉц`ØÚ7#$€¤¥
‘<<ž@A
&
©"
%
5F
%!
†Øڊ¤¬ê!
Óé$F
¨›V¨Û‘qÖŎuåEºq
"%
÷
6
n
"
÷
%!
q
#
‰¤¥gq%¨
=
ˆq%¨
=
¹7q%
¨
!
gq%¨þÈÊË¥
#717_ b9!18_$
çè¼
Ž~5?Èܯ
d
¦{ê
%
•ˆ™M
d
¦{ênN
ˆ
d
¦{ê
"!!8
n
7
q
#6
â¬êÓé$F¨
8%
& ( )
!"
"
5
m
DG
pNOij!
:-7RDG?(%%#,;-..&"3-,(&=.<2&%. F%<
?#

q
g0/H
*/4
gq%¨
-JHD30GSD3
F
-DGT
é
"
u
#
@3GEOP" VG3]#
Q
"
ˆ
#
C0/LD3"T3NJH#
¢£
[HPD3
2k
&NVH/HG0
ˆq%¨
CD30GSD3
¹7q%¨
cN–k
+/HG0
% "8187 q#%4!# %81>> q64$6 7179 q64!9 %8168 q646$ %%61!9 q%"489 7$177 q%64>8 $1$% q$ %"!1%7 q#9467RD
# >71%9 q#%4%7 %>1#8 q846$ $1$% q$ 68169 q>47> %691>! q#"466 "716> q%>4>7 $1#! q$4#6 #%71!7 q!64!!RD
6 ""1#6 q6$496 #>1"! q946$ $1$% q$ 6"17# q%64#$ %!617$ q#%4%# 7$18% q#"49% 81!8 q64#8 #$918" q6$4$>RD
! #8#1>! q#94%" "16# q!4%7 $1$% q$ $1!$ q$4#8 #7$187 q6#4%% 69%1!" q">4$" 7"166 q%948$ "%9167 q%%"47#G
8 %6!1$9 q%#4#! 81!% q#4#> $1$% q$ >1"8 q#4"6 %!>1#8 q94!6 69#16% q8$46! %717$ q#486 88"1%7 q!$4>%GV
7 #8"1!$ q!$47# %!197 q#4>% $1$% q$ 81"7 q64$$ #">1%6 q!%4%$ #%91"> q#84#9 ##188 q64"" 8#$1!" q784$"GVO
" %!>1#> q8>4%" %#1!9 q749% $1$% q$ 6>1!8 q%6467 %991#6 q"$467 >71%# q6646> %$1>9 q649$ #971#! q9"4$"ORD
> %761#$ q6!486 #61#" q647# $1$% q$ %$1"8 q!4!9 %9"1#6 q684$6 "!16# q#%48% 81#9 q6467 #"71>! q8#478RD
9 %6>1"$ q!"477 %91$# q%%4>6 $1$% q$ 6"16% q#%4$9 %981$6 q"$4"# %$81>7 q!>4>! %!16> q949> 6%81#> q%#$47$ORD
%$ 971"$ q!>4%! 661#! q%$4>7 $1$% q$ !$19" q%74"9 %"$19# q8!4## 9>1#6 q6!498 %$1!" q%$4!7 #"917# q9#4!"ORD
%% #%619" q9647% #71%% q>48" $1$% q$ 691>! q%>4$! #"9196 q974># %%>1!7 q%%64!> 81#" q84#7 !$6177 q%9!4!"VOR
%# 8919! q6%4"" 91!! q!47$ $1$% q$ 661!# q%%47" %$#1>% q6746$ %!18% q%!48$ $1$% q$ %%"16! q69476D
%6 "617$ q#64%7 %71$> q"499 $1$% q$ !919" q%94"9 %69178 q#946" "!1!# q!!4># $1$% q$ #%!1$> q!#476RD
%! %%%18> q6748# !1!" q6486 $1$% q$ >#1"> q#648# %9>1>8 q86477 %%186 q"4"# $1$% q$ #%$16> q8#497RD
55
!.v-.2wxy‰~{¼
-&B
[RÊü*+ž
"!;$1$8# !
1.
& +PDQGRJTD3DEODQJE HPD23/ODQQ/T-&B"
%5
›¬êê‰#$€›V¨#$€¤¥‘
CJF4%5-JHD3#$€¤¥‘ˆq%¨n¹7q%¨þÈÊËü
ý
!
¢\ˆq%¨=÷Z
!#1#_ b"$1!_!
¹7q
%¨¥
61$_ b91!_&
©"
#
þvgq%¨›#$€`q¤¥‘ÊË
5F
%!
â¬êF¤¥‘È#$€–¤¥‘?Ê
ˏzÒ
8$_!
6ç輎~5?Èܯ
d
¦{
ê
%
•ˆ™M
d
¦{ênNˆ
d
¦{ê
"!!8
n
7
q

#6
â¬êQý
!
=
9$18_ b9"1$_$
é
"
u
#
y
¢£ Þ q þ È Ê Ë q r ¥
#$1$_ b#1#_
n
!%17_ b$1#_$
Q
"
ˆ
#
þÈÊËQž
&
–j!#
!
#$ € ` Þ 6 # $ F ¥ £
!
y Ù { |
"!.20
A1$2.121#
&nu}¾
"@1(12$<.O1T1O1A.#
&
çŠõ
"
~šGç
! #$$6$
¯³Nç
! #$$!#&
HEDG
ij3"
6
56#ï
!
›¬ê#$€
*
—‘¥
81>! b%8189 F,]F
?%
!g
—‘¥
$1!9 b%18$ F,]F
?%
!
"
#5
gq%¨#$€`qfg
CJF4#5/<2/EDEHOPG3GOHD3Q/T0JHD30GSD3
X
—‘¥
#188 b!1%9 F,]F
?%
!G
—‘¥
#81#6 b
6>17# F,]F
?%
!YF
—‘¥
%1!> b81!# F,]F
?%
&
¡<
¦{êØÚ?&ê!
‡Èܯ
d
¦{ê
%
•ˆ™
M
d
¦{ênNˆ
d
¦{ê
6
â¬ê
"!!8
n
7
q

#!
#$€Œq—‘üý
$
¡JˆEKþÈÊË
üý?&ê!
‡JˆEK
d

d
ºL
d
ÈÜ
¯
d
¢£nJˆEK
d
ºL
d
Èܯ
d

d

Pƒ¬ê
"9
n
%6
q
#!
#$€g
9—‘ü
ý
$
Ú¡x¯ÈܯþÈÊËüý?&ê!
‡

d
ºL
d
Èܯ¬ê
%
Èܯ
d

d
JˆE
K
d
¢£nÈܯ
d
JˆEK
d
[éPƒ¬ê
""!
>
n
%!
q
#!
ê‰#$€£ãŒq—‘üž
&
Œqۑ6ç輎~5?Èܯ
d
¦{ê
%
•ˆ
™M
d
¦{ênNˆ
d
¦{ê
"!!8
n
7
q
#6
7%
5!
!
# C
5
¡ç

ÕÖ×3-.ØÚ^_Ù&Úê#$€¤¥‘ÖŒqۑ
"
65
›¬ê#$€Œq—‘Öۑ
CJF465*NH3JDEHO/EHDEHGER QH/3GFD/T0JHD3Q/TUG3J/NQ20/HQ
â¬êQý
!
Èܯ
d
¦{ê¬êQ¥€ï
$
ÈÜ
¯
%
EFºOnºL`Þ?çÉ~5¬ê*!X!G
n
YF
ۑ
!g
ۑƒüž
&
©‰
6
5F

Ù&Úêê‰#$€›V¨6
<=

—‘Qý
!
=
#"919$ b6%!17$ F,]F
?%
$
7
G
—‘î9
!
¥
#>1"6 b681"% F,]F
?%
!
¢£Œq—‘
üž
!
67
g
—‘Qž
!
¥
$1>8 b%1!# F,]F
?%
!
y
¢£êNlm‡ˆŠõ
"
~šGç
! #$$6#&
7
*
n7
YF
—‘¡Óé$F¨›V¨‰¤¥
gq%¨
;
ˆq%¨
;
¹7q%¨
"!;$1$8# "
‰
6#$
7
g!X
n
G
—‘gq%¨žžŸ¹7q%
nˆq%¨
!
¹7q%nˆq%¨9Ž*+-ž
&
–j/0ùèéê‰#$€q%P0?.3
!
Œq
—‘.3
&
̱›¨<=

—‘8•-ž
!
Ð/
0ù3gq%¨÷¹7q%¨—‘ôõPž
& r*
ª3gq%¨÷¹7q%¨-î82
&
‰
!
¥
%!
â¬êÓé$F¨›V¨Œqۑ
Cª
!
56#ï
!
›LŒ9Œqۑy—‘Š
õ
!
6<=


!
=
%$$1"% F,<
?#
!
¢î¥
G

9
!%$1#% F,<
?#
!
¢£LŒ9ۑüž
!
6
g
9

&
̱1¨Œq—‘ýŸK¨
!
Ðö#$€¤
¥‘›V¨qÖuå?@A
!
Œq£ãd\¡gq
%nˆq%¨
!
¹7q%¨Û‘m5
&
m
HG
tuvOOmij:-7RHGN=%,(#)%$&)%#)%.&"0(""#,#)%2-@#,.&""2&&,2(%%#,()%>#<,&%#$%(3#5,##)7#2% F%]F
?%
¨î
-GSD3
<=

[3FGEJO
7
*
+/HG0*
7
g
+/HG0g
7
X
+/HG0X
7
G
+/HG0G
7
YF
+/HG0YF
r*
gq%¨
-JHD30GSD3 6%61## q%"4"%G "1"9 q$489O $1>8 q$4$>V #19> q$4%!V #>1"6 q%4%"V #169 q$48#O !719
ˆq%¨
CD3G 61"$ q$4#!G 681"% q%4$!G 6179 q$4#>V 6%1"
¹7q%¨
cN q$496G %1!# q$4$9G !1$6 q$4%"G 6!17! q%4%#G !19" q$467G ##17
m
IG
tuvOOmij:-7RIGN=%,(#)%..%&,-5#&"0(""#,#)%2-@#,.&""2&&,2(%%#,()%>#<,&%#$%(3#5,##)7#2% F%<
?#
¨î
-GSD3
<=

[3FGEJO
7
*
+/HG0*
7
g
+/HG0g
7
X
+/HG0X
7
G
+/HG0G
7
YF
+/HG0YF
gq%¨
-JHD30GSD3 8"1!! %1!6 $1%7 $188 81#" $1!!
ˆq%¨
CD3 $1%7 $1!" !188 $1!"
¹7q%¨
cN6
¨k
+/HG0/THP3DD0GSD3Q %$$1"% 61$" $166 %1$7 %$1#% $197
!5
‡AyBA
&lm\̱XÙ&ÚêVÞ#ü{
"
Œ
8
$
#!
Л¬ê#$€¤¥‘+‰¤ïž*+
!
Q
EªyQ2ªÂ*=
7
¸9[
!
6ç輎~5†
_
"!!8
n
7
q
#
üý
!
¢£Øچ_9Ž*+
-ž
&
5F
!
7Ÿ&lmN.Úª
!
ØڇY7#
$€¤¥‘˜MHE@A
!
Ú-.ц`Þ7#$
€¤¥‘Q<<@A
&
©œÊ¿…54
!
jê$

>
Í6KE›¨Ÿ¥
"7
™
!
7ŸçÉ~5çè
¼–~5&ê
!
3ŸEºqçÉé1ýüý
!
&1¯
ÞÇY
!
ƒ!
#$€“t„…
!
ºÞŒq
"%
& ( )
!"
"
5

&
Úç輎~5þ¯Þ?Êü†?`¨‡
Yó<þPž&ԛñ
!
‡ˆ#$€?‰=
!
ì#$
€:6G¥¡&Ô
&
þ6û7[›êN?Ù&&
!
©<þid#$€
!
GH&êŒqCD?Š0‹Œ
!
6Lºç輎~5&¥‹
&
Ù&ÚêÓé$F¨›V¨Û‘‰¤¥gq%
¨
=
ˆq%¨
=
¹7q%¨
!
6gq%¨¥£
!
¹
7q%¨ŒÈm5"«&<<
!
yfŒ§šÖ™
ûF&nŽ=&f™êŠõ
"
‘XËç
!
#$$!$
Ғç
! #$$"#!
yCfVý™“_$Â;
"
ÙVÃç
! %996$
ßeñç
! #$$!#&
‰_fgÎ
²NO&3ŸœÎ”
!
P`•5
!
Yš”I
!
#
$€q%²q~
!
-Ð.R‚–Ù&ÚêMNà
á€úìínŒq…ñ
!
{Ú@AÙ&Úê?hw
;n5H;;
!
Úöèégq%#$€?-îG—
!
ƒ@.3&ê\+˜™
"cG0&(1+4! #$$7#&
û7Y

!
VŽ›š^3>βNO&#$€q%€
µp?lm
!
6<þ÷ýêF
!
8&&êŒq
CD
&
3„É
"@022.2,/1A.1 +12*&$+1(1# %
ÇÉ
"3+20
*%&A1($,)2&# %
É œ
" -*/.A1 0<&%91 #
n ± V 
"#$O.&2.1 /$C,.2.#
ç#$Fq%ÒP?Œq8•
lm‡ˆ54
!
-.ц#$€Œq—‘-.
"
æ
žŸç
!#$$!# &
&lm(¤
!
-.Øڊ¤¬ê
!
ê‰#$€Œq—‘*+üE
!
¤¥…£ãù
3ŸÑ†`Þ-.þ˜M
&
ÿY¡… ¡öq¥
¢LŒ#$€Ñ†nSLŒ#$€Ñ†
&
j¢L
Œ#$€Ñ†ySLŒ#$€Ñ†Â2Øڍ
!
"
‡Èܯn¦{ê~5
#
5ì#$€Œq—‘÷
ý
!
<…Ÿ#$€q%
$
j¢LŒ#$€Ñ†Â2
Øڍ
"
‡Èܯnx¯
#
5Pž#$€Œq—
‘
!
-…Ÿ#$€q%
&
ÿYÇ|÷ïцØÚ
^0I-.ц#$€Œq—‘?2è
!
‹Œ
SLŒ#$€Ñ†ŽÖSLŒ#$€Ñ†n¢L
Œ#$€Ñ†Â2ØÚ
!
ž¢LŒ#$€Ñ†
Ž?ØÚ
&
ç輎~5†_&ê-Т#$€¤¥‘
žEŸ¢£Øچ_
!
ˆq%¨n¹7q%¨þÈ
ÊË£üý
!
EºqŒq—‘nۑƒýŸ¢£
ØÚ¬ê
&
…³†å‡K¤þqz
!
3Ÿç輎
~5ó¯ÞÊü†?`¨‡Y
!
Ê¢£Øچ_
?&êĂ;ž
!
E›-“Ê&Ô#$€„¥
!
©Ú
®“id#$€
$
£³†åèÉÂ7ŸçÉ®ó÷
rs
!
®8Z&êÔ?t
%
/
%
`çop
!
¥#$€
?q%¦ºZÊü„‹?2í,
!
Yý…†Øڊ
¤¬ê\<§("€¦{ê
!
5àû<5¨×
!
ó
©wŜ\?
*
9
!
¢°_SƒÛ¥üý—‘?
*!
¢
r*
ÊÂ7¢£Øڊ¤ž
!
…‰<…Ÿê
‰#$€?q%
"
&Eª
!#$$#$ -JE &(1+"! #$$7#!
3fŒq?ìí…ñ
&
L M + ,
枟
!
ÄÅÆ
4#$$!4
O~5&MN)
4


()ï´×
!%%!
?%%74
~šG
!
«9o
!
¬2¿
!
ç
4#$$64
&1­†GFÑ?Ù{|&#
$€MN)lm "
4
#$€¤¥‘Ö¢Œq—‘
4
±V&)F

! #6"6# %96 ?%9"4
&Eª
4#$$#4
89)
4


\X&ï´×
4
ÿ!”
!
Ð
5
Ë
!
Ï
5
®
!
ç
4#$$"4
-.&þÐ|O&Óé$F
¨H`;֌q—‘
4
¯J&)F)³
! #!"6# 6%9 ?6#84
ÙVÃ
!
Ь°
4%9964
E±²³´í,?ß&#$€=Nlm
4
"
€MN)yê"€))³
! %""## %88 ?%764
öd–
!
l
5
µ
!
Ò
5

4#$$!4
ß&#$€7&êM,?@A
4
^ñMN)³
! %8"%# %86 ?%8>4
ßeñ
!
Ðd·
!
Ct¸
!
ç
4#$$!4
CfVý™“_$Óé$F
¨M€•)f;
4
MN)³
! #!"7# %#6$ ?%#674
N÷ø
4#$$%4
O&?M€)hw;y5H;/L
4
¹º&l
m
!%! %! ?#%4
Ò
5
’
!
Z–»
!
û<¼
!
ç
4#$$"4
Ž=&êúf䏐f™ê™
±&nO&#$€yÔêt€?=Nfg
4
™ê)³
! #8
"6# 6%" ?6#84
ï
5
ð
!
l½¾
!
¿
5
_
!
ç
4#$$84
KUZ¤O&#$€?H`
f;
4
"€MN)³
! #9"6# !%8 ?!#%4
¯³N
!
§ÎÀ
!
&
5
Á
!
ç
4#$$!4
u}¾™±&yO&Óé$
F¨>«ÖŒq«
4
MN)³
! #!"## 689 ?67"4
òaó
!
¯þq
4#$$"4
-.(€Ó•–ß&ê‰#$€n89
#Â=€_$fg
4
M€[¬;
! %8"## %>> ?%9>4
µ!>
!
òÃ(
4%99>4
Äř¾›ÚGF&#$€¨•);ú
?lm
4
MN)³
! %>"%# 97 ?%$$4
µùJ
!
½Æ&
4#$$64
"t
"
"€_$
#
hw;lmǤ
4
MN)Ú
V
! ## !# ?!>4
µxô
!
c&ø
4%99$4
™êß&89Óé$F¨‡Ynòó?l
m
4
89)³
! #""## %#% ?%6%4
½íî
!
ÒÈÉ
!
ZXó
4#$$64
•8ývOÐ|&Óé$F¨?
`8GHòólm
4
&()
! 69"%# %7> ?%"#4
C
5
¡
!
ë&Õ
!
x¾Ê
!
ç
4#$$>4
Ü234ê<9ÈVÙ&Úê8
9ŒqnDq?8•
4
`8GH)³
!##"7# !> ?8%4
‘XË
!
Ë)Ì
4#$$!4
fŒ§šÖ™ûF&#$€¨•);ú
lm
4
^ñMN)³
! %8"%# %7" ?%794
BGNT3DQED+! -/3DGN Y4 #$$%4 )O/0/FJOG0QH/JOPJ/>%
5!
!
# C
5
¡ç

ÕÖ×3-.ØÚ^_Ù&Úê#$€¤¥‘ÖŒqۑ
23/RNOD3?RDO/<2/QD3JEHD3GOHJ/EQ! GER DO/QSQHD< 2D3QJQHDEOD4
)O/0/FS! >#"%%# 6$79 ?6$>#4
i3DDELGSY4%99!4-JHD3GOODQQJ/E GER GOONoNJEoNDED3UJG " GU4# &4+4 V0G]D LDH0GER JE Q/NHP D^GQHD3E
mNDDEQ0GER4,NQH3G0JGE k/N3EG0/TYG3JEDGER C3DQPLGHD3IDQDG3OP!
!8"># %8$9 ?%8%94
cG0& ,! @N3]D(! c/VVQ*+4#$$74-JHD3GER RDGR L//R RSEGJE 2/ERD3/QG 2JED T/3DQHQ G0/EF G %7$ S^DG3OP3/E/QDoNDEOD4
)O/0/FJOG0,220JOGHJ/EQ! %7"7# #6!! ?#6884
-JE @! -JN m! ZN M! &(1+4#$$74*NH3JDEHGER 0JHD32GHD3EQJE HP3DD
QNVG02JEDO/EJTD3/NQT/3DQHQ/TLDQHD3E &JOPNGE! PJEG4gDR/Q2PD3D!
%7"6# 6>$ ?6>94
YDGQ/E B! YG3]DLJH\B! ZJ0I4 #$$!4 ,EENG0TD3HJ0J\GHJ/E GER
JEHD3Q2DOJTJOO/<2DHJHJ/E O/EH3/0 DTDOHQ/E JE QJHN T/3DQHT0//3
EJH3/FDE T0NWDQ/TRJTD3DEH^GFDR !.20(1&C1 QHGERQJE Q/NHPDGQH
555555
55iD/3FJG! j&,4GE kC/3DQHIDQ! 6!"9# %>$# ?%>%>4
&GSD3)k4#$$74jQJEFDW2D3J0DGT0JHD3JE HPD TNEOHJ/EJEF /TT/3DQHDO/QSQHDIDUJDLQ! >$ % ?6%4
&O/H*,! @JE]0DSB4%99"4C/0JGFD0JHD3oNG0JHSGER GEENG0EDH*
[DO/0/FJG! %%% %8% ?%894
ZD0H\JE kC! XD0D3kX! @3JRFPG< & B! &(1+4#$$84-JHD3O/EH3/0Q
20GEHO/<8!74
MGEFKB! ZG33DE Y! A/N KY4#$$"4CD3HJ0J\GHJ/E 3DQ2/EQDQ/TQ/J0
0JHD3TGNEGGER 0JHD3oNGEHJHS! oNG0JHS! GER HN3E/UD3JE 0/LGER PJFP
D0DUGHJ/E T/3DQHQ/TgND3H/IJO/4,220JDR &/J0)O/0/FS! 6" 76 ?"%4
!
!"#$
5
%&
"
9%