采用方差分析及隶属函数等方法对苍南矾矿废弃地引入的18种环境修复植物的生长与生理适应性进行研究。结果表明： 新分蘖高生长量在草本种间差异极显著（P<0.01），冠幅生长量在木本植物间差异极显著（P<0.01）； 生理指标（叶绿素含量、SOD和CAT酶活性）在18个植物种间呈现显著差异（P<0.05），说明不同植物对矾矿废弃地环境的适应性是不同的，进行植物筛选是生态修复的关键和必要环节。综合生长与生理适应性表现，认为美丽胡枝子、新银合欢、构树和香根草是矾矿废弃地生态恢复的适生先锋物种，特别是具有生物固氮能力的美丽胡枝子和新银合欢对废弃土壤中N元素及有机质的积累有积极意义。
In this study, growth and physiological adaptability of 18 plant species used in Cangnan alum mining tailings phytoremediation had been analyzed through ANOVA and subordinate function analysis. The results showed that there were highly significant differences in increase of the tiller height among three grasses, and in growth of the canopy diameter among woody plants. There were also highly significant differences in physiological indexes (including content of chlorophyll, activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase) among all different species. Different growth and physiological performance of different species reflected their adaptability variations on the alum mining tailings. The results also indicated that screening of plants would be an essential step for phytoremediation. Lespedeza formosa, Leucaena leucocephalacv. salvador, Broussonetia papyriferaand Vetiveria zizanioideshad been found as fitness pioneer species for alum mining tailings ecological restoration according to integration evaluation of the growth and the physiological properties. It would be beneficial to accumulate nitrogen and organic matter in tailing soil via planting Lespedeza formosa and Leucaena leucocephala which have capacity of biological nitrogen fixation.
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