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Diversity and Seasonal Dynamic of Arthropod Community in an Organic Peach Plantation for Sightseeing

有机观光桃园节肢动物群落多样性季节动态*


为了明确有机观光桃园节肢动物群落多样性季节动态,对有机观光桃园节肢动物群落结构及其多样性进行调查和分析。结果表明: 不同季节有机观光桃园节肢动物群落与各亚群落的样性各不相同。7月份节肢动物群落和植食性亚群落各种多样性指数均明显(P<0.05)高于其他月份。8月份捕食性与寄生性节肢动物亚群落的各种多样性指数均明显(P<0.05)高于其他月份。8月份节肢动物群落的相对稳定性较好(P<0.05)。节肢动物群落不同营养层之间的参数相关性的变化规律较为一致,均表现为显著(P<0.05)相关。因此,加强有机观光桃园前期的综合管理,根据测报并结合往年害虫发生的状况,在害虫优势种发生的初期,采用释放天敌,使用选择性较好的生物制剂,平衡桃园益害比例,或通过整枝修剪、疏果套袋与增施有机肥料来增强树势,降低害虫为害的几率,达到生产无公害果品的目的

Arthropods were collected from a recreation and organic peach orchard (ROPO) in Suziyu of Pinggu, Beijing from April to October, 2006 to investigate the diversity and seasonal dynamic of arthropod community in the ROPO. All data from ROPO were used to analyze the structure and diversity of arthropod community in the ROPO with Excel and SPSS. There were differences in diversity of arthropod community over seasons and among different subcommunities in each season. Each diversity index of arthropod community and phytophagous subcommunity was significantly higher (P<0.05) in July than that in other months, while each diversity index of predacious and parasitic arthropod subcommunity was significantly higher (P<0.05) in August than that in other months. Relative stability of arthropod community was higher (P<0.05) in August than that in other months. The transformation pattern of parameter correlations between different nourishments of arthropod community was relative uniform, and all the correlations were significant (P<0.05). Based on the above information, the following suggestions were proposed. It is necessary to intensify integrated management and regulation during prophase of ROPO. According to the forecast combined with the information from former years, natural enemies are released and biocontrol agents are used in early stages of dominant pest occurrence in order to balance the proportion between pest and natural enemies. For preventing pests from damage to ROPO, useless branches are pruned and fruits are thinned, and more organic fertilizer is added, and target fruits are protected by covering paper bag in each fruit in order to produce health products.


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