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作 者 ：彭建营;刘　平;周俊义;彭士琪;曹清国;褚新房

期 刊 ：园艺学报 2005年 32卷 5期 页码：798-801

关键词：枣；株系；染色体；核型；起源；

Keywords:Ziziphus jujuba Mill., Strain, Chromosome, Karyotype, Origin,

摘 要 ：在‘赞皇大枣’原产分布区域内, 结合地理分布和形态学特点随机选取42个株系进行细胞学研究, 结果表明: 供试赞皇大枣均为三倍体, 2n = 3x = 36。对42个株系进行了染色体核型分析和比较,表明赞皇大枣存在核型多态性, 主要归纳为3类代表核型: 2n = 3x = 21m (1SAT ) + 15 sm, 2n = 3x = 15m +21 sm, 2n = 3x = 21m (2SAT ) + 15 sm; 核型对称性分别为2A、2B、2A类型。赞皇大枣可能是由二倍体品种未减数配子和同品种或不同二倍体品种正常配子天然杂交而来。

Abstract:The karyotypes of 42 strains of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. ‘ZanhuangDazao’ randomly sampled in its original location based on geography and morphology were analyzed. The results showed that all the strains examined were triploid, 2n = 3x = 36. The polymorphism of karyotype existed in ‘Zanhuang Dazao’. The main three karyotypes were as follows: 2n = 3x = 21m (1SAT ) + 15 sm, 2n = 3x = 15m + 21 sm, 2n = 3x = 21m (2SAT ) + 15 sm. The karyotypes of three strains belonged to Stebbinsp 2A, 2B, 2A type, respectively. ‘Zanhuang Dazao’might have originated from natural crossing with 2n gametes and normal gametes.

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