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Differences of Soil Water Characteristic and Above-ground Biomass between Single and Composite Vegetation in Water-Wind Erosion Crisscross Region

水蚀风蚀交错区复合植被与单一植被土壤水分特征及其地上生物量差异



全 文 :!23" !6#
 Vol.23  No.6
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ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  11%
  Nov.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.06.010
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fanjun@ms.iswc.ac.cn
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犇犻犳犳犲狉犲狀犮犲狊狅犳犛狅犻犾犠犪狋犲狉犆犺犪狉犪犮狋犲狉犻狊狋犻犮犪狀犱犃犫狅狏犲-犵狉狅狌狀犱犅犻狅犿犪狊狊犫犲狋狑犲犲狀
犛犻狀犵犾犲犪狀犱犆狅犿狆狅狊犻狋犲犞犲犵犲狋犪狋犻狅狀犻狀犠犪狋犲狉犠犻狀犱犈狉狅狊犻狅狀犆狉犻狊狊犮狉狅狊狊犚犲犵犻狅狀
JIAMulin1,FANJun1,WANGYafei2
(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilErosionandDrylandFarmingontheLoessPlateau,ColegeofResourcesandEnvironmentNorthwest
A&FUniversity,Yangling,ShaanxiProvince712100,China;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilErosionandDrylandFarmingonthe
LoessPlateau,InstituteofSoilandWaterConservation,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Yangling,ShaanxiProvince712100,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Usingthemethodoffieldinvestigations,theplotsoftypicalvegetationtypeswereselectedinLi
udaogouwatershedofShenmuCounty,YulinCity,ShaanxiProvinceonAugust2013tostudydifferences
ofsoilwatercharacteristic,biomass,andtheinfluencefactorsbetweensinglevegetationandcomposite
vegetationinwater/winderosioncrisscrossregiononLoessPlateau.Theresultsshowedthatthecanopy
height,degreeofsurfacevegetationcoverage,leafareaindexandabovegroundbiomasswereimprovedsig
nificantlyafterdeeprootplantscompoundedwithshalowrootplants;thesoilwatercontentinsurfacein
creasedsignificantly;speciesrichnessalsoshowedatrendofincrease.Themainfactorsofaffectingdiffer
encesofabovegroundbiomassbetweensinglevegetationandcompositevegetationwerethedifferencesof
absorbingwaterbetweencompoundvegetationrootsystemandthesinglevegetationrootsystem,andthe
differencesofutilizingsoilmoistureindifferentdepthbetweendeeprootshrubsandshalowrootherba
ceousplants.Abovegroundbiomassofherbaceousvegetationincreasedwiththeincreaseofsoilwatercon
tentwithin100cmandshowednosignificantcorrelationwithbulkdensityandhydraulicconductivity.
Therefore,deeprootplantsmatchingwithshalowrootplantsintheprocessofvegetationrestorationcon
structioncanutilizelimitedwaterresourcesreasonablyandeffectively,improveabovegroundbiomassof
vegetation,canopyheightandvegetationcoverageonsurface,andconsequentlycontrolsoilerosioneffec
tivelyinwater/winderosioncrisscrossregion.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:TheLoessPlateau;Singlevegetation;Compositevegetation;Moisturecharacteristic;Above
groundbiomass
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Table1 Basicinformationoftheinvestigationplots
ŽW1 Vegetationtypes AÍ1Soiltypes 3ê Altitude/m ÄÐSlope/° ÄÊ Direction
UV 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪 áÁALoesssoil 1089 15.1 6 West
á­]犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犪犱狊狌狉犵犲狀狊 áÁALoesssoil 1090 15.1 6 West
`ü»~ÁJ犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犾犻犾狅狋狅犻犱犲狊 áÁALoesssoil 1092 16 É/ Northeast
&s`犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 áÁALoesssoil 1095 16 É/ Northeast
¶v犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻 áÁALoesssoil 1106 0 —
_äè犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犮犪狆犻犾犾犪狉犻犲狊 áÁALoesssoil 1087 0 —
°³`犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊 áASandysoil 1120 20.5 ÅSouth
áè犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犱犲狊犲狉狋狅狉狌犿 áASandysoil 1102 20.5 ÅSouth
ÓÁ 犎犲犱狔狊犪狉狌犿狊犮狅狆犪狉犻狌犿 áASandysoil 1102 20.5 ÅSouth
UVá­]犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪犪狀犱犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犪犱狊狌狉犵犲狀狊 áÁALoesssoil 1089 15.1 6 West
`ü»~ÁJ&s`犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犾犻犾狅狋狅犻犱犲狊犪狀犱犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 áÁALoesssoil 1092 16 É/ Northeast
UV&s` 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪犪狀犱犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 áÁALoesssoil 1177 0 —
¶v&s`犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪犓狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻犪狀犱犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 áÁALoesssoil 1106 0 —
_äèUV犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犮犪狆犻犾犾犪狉犻犲狊犪狀犱犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪 áÁALoesssoil 1087 13.5 6ÅSouthwest
°³`áè犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊犪狀犱犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犱犲狊犲狉狋狅狉狌犿 áASandysoil 1121 20.5 ÅSouth
°³`ÓÁ犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊犪狀犱犎犲犱狔狊犪狉狌犿狊犮狅狆犪狉犻狌犿 áASandysoil 1121 20.5 ÅSouth
1.2.2 ÓY]¢£ÔÕ ³‰–Ä×(LAI)No:
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1-12( )犽犳犫-[ ]1
犃 1-0.47犳( )犫
lnτ (1)
犽= 犡
2+tanθ槡 2
犡+1.744(犡+1.182)-0.733
(犡=1)(2)
犳犫=1.395+狉(-14.43+狉(48.57+狉
(-59.024+狉24.835))) (3)
犽¾tBr¯I×,¢D›(2)»¼ƒ,ž=θ
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,τ¾ûµI×,犡 ð³˜x¹Ö×,
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(MiniDiskInfiltrometer)”y0#ùNº,3©}
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×

ß>×YF„×Y+S—€‡ÚÐ=HÞù
ãˆ×l§é

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m

”±Ë}?ÞZº±Ë?Ãã¿l–|

犓 = 犆犃
(4)
Ō²sD›
(4)ƒ,ž=犆¾—€‡Ú
Ð=HÞùãˆ×l§éÀ²
,犃ðAAÍò?Ù
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3BAÍpŒºu
žƒ]ã¸I

&¥òNºAÍúQ

AÍcŒº
¢D›
(5)»¼ƒ,ž=犠 ¾AÍcŒº(mm);
犺¾ABÅÐ(cm);犱¾AÍúQ(g·cm-3);θ¾
A꘼pμ
(%)。
犠 =犺犱θ10
(5)
ŽWB^¢è‹Nº

}?3ê

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Table2 Communitycharacteristicsofdifferentvegetationtypesinthestudyarea
ŽW1
Vegetationtypes
JŠ‹Ð
speciesrichness

[
·m-2
³‰–
Ä×
LAI
tB^Ð
Canopy
height/cm
¹&Ð
Coverage/%
?—%Gº
Abovegrounddry
biomass/g·m-2
UV 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪 7 1.55 53.3 91 299.9
á­]犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犪犱狊狌狉犵犲狀狊 6 1.77 88.4 90 528.5
`ü»~ÁJ犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犾犻犾狅狋狅犻犱犲狊 8 0.86 86.2 75 297.3
&s`犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 10 1.1 43 80 170.3
¶v犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻 6 1.68 133.7 65 767.2
_äè犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犮犪狆犻犾犾犪狉犻犲狊 7 1.44 71.9 89 298.5
°³`犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊 10 0.64 68.3 70 122.2
áè犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犱犲狊犲狉狋狅狉狌犿 6 1.61 70.3 60 1227
ÓÁ 犎犲犱狔狊犪狉狌犿狊犮狅狆犪狉犻狌犿 7 0.98 97.7 80 403.1
UVá­] 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪犪狀犱犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犪犱狊狌狉犵犲狀狊 5 1.5 50.3 85 258.1
`ü»~ÁJ&s`犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犾犻犾狅狋狅犻犱犲狊犪狀犱犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 8 1.37 78.6 88 257.9
UV&s` 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪犪狀犱犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 9 1.6 65.3 95 342
¶v&s`犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪犓狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻犪狀犱犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 9 2.32 146.5 95 832.1
_äèUV犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犮犪狆犻犾犾犪狉犻犲狊犪狀犱犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪 8 1.69 70.6 94 354.4
°³`áè犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊犪狀犱犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犱犲狊犲狉狋狅狉狌犿 9 1.81 72.9 88 1300.9
°³`ÓÁ犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊犪狀犱犎犲犱狔狊犪狉狌犿狊犮狅狆犪狉犻狌犿 8 1.68 103 90 647.4
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Table3 Statisticalcharacteristicvaluesof0~200cmsoilwatercontentfordifferentvegetationtypesinthestudyarea
ŽW1
Vegetationtypes
ã¸I±:;a
Mean±SD/%
ß(I
Maximum/%
ߝI
Minimum/%

Amplitude/%
kêI×
Coefficient
ofvariation/%
UV 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪 6.8±1.4d 8.6 4.1 4.5 20.6
á­]犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犪犱狊狌狉犵犲狀狊 6.2±2.2de 8.8 3.8 5 35.5
`ü»~ÁJ犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犾犻犾狅狋狅犻犱犲狊 9.1±1.8c 12 6.1 5.9 19.8
&s`犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 8.8±2.0c 11 4.8 6.2 22.7
¶v犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪犓狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻 6.2±2.2de 11.5 4.5 7 35.5
_äè犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犮犪狆犻犾犾犪狉犻犲狊 11.2±2.3b 14.8 7.4 7.4 20.5
°³`犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊 5.5±1.6de 8.5 4 4.5 29.1
áè犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犱犲狊犲狉狋狅狉狌犿 4.7±1.0e 6.6 3.8 2.8 21.3
ÓÁ 犎犲犱狔狊犪狉狌犿狊犮狅狆犪狉犻狌犿 2.8±1.1f 6 1.6 4.4 39
UVá­] 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪and犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犪犱狊狌狉犵犲狀狊 5.9±1.3de 7.4 4 3.4 22
`ü»~ÁJ&s`犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犾犻犾狅狋狅犻犱犲狊and犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 13.5±2.2a 15.8 10.2 5.6 16.3
UV&s` 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪and犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 10.1±4.2bc 15.9 5.4 10.5 41.6
¶v&s`犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪犓狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻and犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 6.2±2.9de 13.6 4.2 9.4 46.8
_äèUV犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犮犪狆犻犾犾犪狉犻犲狊and犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪 8.3±1.9cd 11.5 6.6 4.9 22.9
°³`áè犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊and犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犱犲狊犲狉狋狅狉狌犿 5.3±1.7de 6.8 1.5 5.3 32.1
°³`ÓÁ犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊and犎犲犱狔狊犪狉狌犿狊犮狅狆犪狉犻狌犿 3.4±1.5ef 5.8 1.5 4.3 44.1
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Note:Diferentletterswithinthesamecolumnindicatedsignificantdifferenceamongdiferentvegetationtypesatthe0.05level.Thesameasbelow
W1 ()§+Yn%& #,-k“?­®
Fig.1 Characteristicsofsoilwatercontentfordifferentvegetationtypes
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Table4 Differencesofsoilbulkdensityandhydraulicconductivityinsampleareasurfacefordifferentvegetationtypes
AÍ1
Soiltypes
ŽW1
Vegetationtypes
úQ
SoilbulkDensity/g·cm-3
Ō²
Hydraulicconductivity/mm·min-1
áÁA UV 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪 1.45±0.03bc 2.20±0.10c
Loesssoil á­]犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犪犱狊狌狉犵犲狀狊 1.48±0.02b 3.96±0.84bc
`ü»~ÁJ犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犾犻犾狅狋狅犻犱犲狊 1.35±0.06c 2.78±0.63c
&s`犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 1.42±0.20bc 3.32±0.67bc
¶v犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻 1.35±0.00c 3.94±0.93bc
_äè犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犮犪狆犻犾犾犪狉犻犲狊 1.23±0.05d 3.30±0.71bc
UVá­] 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪and犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犪犱狊狌狉犵犲狀狊 1.45±0.02bc 4.33±0.87b
`ü»~ÁJ&s`犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犾犻犾狅狋狅犻犱犲狊and犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 1.21±0.04d 5.10±1.17ab
UV&s` 犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪and犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 1.38±0.03bc 2.04±0.49c
¶v&s`犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻and犛狋犻狆犪犫狌狀犵犲犪狀犪 1.38±0.08bc 3.84±0.97bc
_äèUV犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犮犪狆犻犾犾犪狉犻犲狊and犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪 1.44±0.08bc 3.60±0.55bc
áA °³`犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊 1.56±0.06ab 5.74±0.66ab
Sandysoil áè犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犱犲狊犲狉狋狅狉狌犿 1.63±0.03a 5.68±0.96ab
ÓÁ 犎犲犱狔狊犪狉狌犿狊犮狅狆犪狉犻狌犿 1.65±0.03a 5.66±1.10ab
°³`áè犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊and犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪犱犲狊犲狉狋狅狉狌犿 1.60±0.05a 6.06±0.79a
°³`ÓÁ犛犲狋犪狉犻犪狏犻狉犻犱犻狊and犎犲犱狔狊犪狉狌犿狊犮狅狆犪狉犻狌犿 1.59±0.02a 5.56±2.24ab
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