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作 者 ：史文静;蔡霞

期 刊 ：武汉植物学研究 2008年 26卷 1期 页码：21-30

关键词：苦豆子；根；茎；横走茎；叶；发育；组织化学；

Keywords:Sophora alopecuroides L., Root, Stem, Rhizome, Leaf, Development, Histochemistry,

摘 要 ：采用石蜡切片法对苦豆子(Sophora alopecuroides L.)根、茎、横走茎及叶的发育过程进行了研究,并利用组织化学的方法对生物碱在苦豆子各营养器官中的分布规律进行了测定。苦豆子根、茎及横走茎的初生生长与一般双子叶植物的发育规律一致,但在次生生长时,部分维管形成层细胞平周分裂只形成薄壁组织,从而将次生维管组织也分离成束。茎与横走茎的功能及生活环境不同,所以在结构上也存在一定的差异。叶是等面叶,上下表皮内都有栅栏组织的分布,其组织分化和发育过程与双子叶植物叶的发育规律一致。在茎、横走茎及叶主脉中,韧皮部的外侧都包围有纤维束,其来源都是原生韧皮部。应用硅钨酸、碘化铋钾及I-KI溶液进行沉淀反应,测定出生物总碱在苦豆子根、茎、横走茎及叶的薄壁组织细胞中均存在。

Abstract:The structure,development and histochemistry of vegetative organs in Sophora alopecuroides L.were studied by paraffin sectioning and the methods of histochemistry.The primary growths of the root,stem,rhizome and leaf are similar to the general developmental pattern of the dicotyledonous plants.While,during their secondary growth,part of the vascular cambium forms parenchyma cells only by periclinal divisions,so the secondary vascular tissue is divided into bundles.There are some differences in structure between stem and rhizome.The leaf is typical bifacial leaf.In the stem,rhizome and main vein of the leaf,the fiber bundles around the primary phloem are derived from procambium cells exterior to the protophloem.The results of histochemistry showed that the alkaloid is mainly contained in the parenchyma cells of the root,stem,rhizome and leaf.

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